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Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Łodzi z 14 września 2017 r., II SA/Łd 566/17

100%
Adamczewski R. K.
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
|
2018
|
issue 1 (41)
233-244
2

Weto ludowe – czy mogłoby zaistnieć w polskim porządku prawnym?

100%
Adamczewski R. K.
Przegląd Legislacyjny
|
2020
|
issue PL 1 (111)
9-20
EN
The institution of popular referendum is one of the forms of direct democracy that does not exist in the Polish legal order. In this study, the author analyzes the possibilities of introducing this institution into the Polish constitutional system. The considerations are focused on determining the acceptable shape above the scope of the discussed institution as well as the reference to the procedural elements related to its possible introduction. The main questions to be answered are connected with determining the minimum threshold of attendance required to recognize the validity of the referendum, the issue of the minimum number of people initiating the procedure together with the deadline for collecting their signatures and determining which legal acts would be subject to the procedure. In each aspect, the author refers to examples from other countries in which the institution is already functioning. Considerations on this subject end with a broad list of the basic arguments of opponents of the popular referendum and, on the other hand, the arguments of supporters of this form of direct democracy.
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Formation of local government after regaining independence

100%
Adamczewski R. K.
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
|
2018
|
issue 6 (46)
227-237
EN
Creation of new foundations for local government after regaining independence covered in practice only the former Russian partition. In remaining areas of the Reborn Republic of Poland, it was decided to temporarily preserve the administrative structures remaining after the former partitioners, adapting them only to the extent necessary. The first legal actions were the decree of the Head of the Polish State of 27-th November 1918 on the establishment of municipal councils in the area of former Congress Kingdom. There were two levels of self-government – rural communes and municipalities and the poviat. In the Prussian partition there were three levels of self-government – municipal (rural and urban), poviat, and at the highest level, there was a provincial council with an executive body. Structure of self-government in the area of former Austrian partition varied depending on the Crown Country. In Galicia and in Cieszyn Silesia showed many similarities.
PL
Tworzenie nowych podstaw samorządu terytorialnego po odzyskaniu niepodległości objęło w praktyce jedynie były zabór rosyjski. Na pozostałych terenach odrodzonej Rzeczypospolitej zdecydowano się na czasowe zachowanie struktur administracyjnych, pozostałych po byłych zaborcach, dostosowując je jedynie w niezbędnym zakresie. Pierwsze działania prawne stanowił dekret Naczelnika Państwa Polskiego z 27 listopada 1918 r. o utworzeniu rad gminnych na obszarze byłego Królestwa Kongresowego. Funkcjonowały dwa szczeble samorządu – gmina wiejska i miejska oraz powiat. W zaborze pruskim istniały trzy szczeble samorządu – gminny (wiejski i miejski), powiatowy, a na najwyższym szczeblu sejmik prowincjonalny. Struktura samorządu na terenie byłego zaboru austriackiego była zróżnicowana w zależności do kraju koronnego. W Galicji i na terenie Śląska Cieszyńskiego wykazywał wiele podobieństw.
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