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EDUCATIONAL POLICY IN ZIELONA GÓRA IN THE FIRST POST-WAR DECADE

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Zaradny R.

Rocznik Lubuski

2007

vol. 33

issue 1

53-71

A very difficult social and material situation as well as problems with qualified professional manpower created the necessity to look for unconventional solutions. After the war trauma there was a shortage not only of professional manpower securing the reconstruction of the country, but first of all the lack of teachers being able to educate the new human resources. The difficulties were cumulated in the so-called Regained Territories. In this area, including Zielona Góra, due to the shortage of teachers, the profession was open to young members of ZMP - the Association of Polish Youth, who took part in preparatory teaching courses lasting only few days. This had to have an impact on the quality of teaching and the level of learning. The situation was complicated by the new authorities' pursuit not only to reconstruct the manpower, but also to create their new ideological human resources. The new human resources were being prepared within training courses and shortened forms of education after political recruitment. Every power, especially axiologically different from the former one, aspires to control the process of education and uses all sources to eliminate the competitive systems. It was important to limit the influence of the Catholic Church on education, to eliminate teachers with the pro-clerical attitude, to constrain the possibilities for educating children from the antagonistic social class and to control school parent committees. Schools with a secular curriculum (TPD - the Society of the Friends of Children) and under the party's auspices were set up. The results were not impressive as the outcomes satisfying the authorities were not achieved. Although generally the teachers represented the left political attitude, only few of them were joining the party. The material conditions were a crucial element of the process. The dormitories offered appalling conditions strengthening the negative impact of the post-war chaos. The situation left a mark in the form of moral degradation. Alcoholism, violence and prostitution were widely spread.

ZIELONA GÓRA'S LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN THE FIRST POST-WAR YEARS

100%

Zaradny R.

Rocznik Lubuski

2007

vol. 33

issue 2

205-228

Zielona Góra was organising its social and political life in an environment typical for the post-war period of the Regained Territories.The specificity was owed to the population made by people coming to the west from all parts of the pre-war Poland. These inhabitants could not have the feeling of security of their status. The insecurity and uncertainty of tomorrow must have influenced their actions and attitudes. What is more, the newcomers had brought with them their own mentality shaped by the family environment (mostly rural), and much differentiated. All of them had been affected by the war trauma and post war exodus, and were morally and psychologically shattered. It is difficult to determine what influence the reality had on their activities and attitudes. It is likely that they were indifferent to the reality and the only thing they cared about was the effort to support themselves and their families. Such a state satisfied the new authorities of Poland as it is to the newcomers that they addressed their social and political project promising profits unattainable before. Due to the advocated 'social justice', the authorities gained the social support. The war in a specific way affected the intelligentsia, and the lack of this social class was perceptible especially in the western territories with uncertain future. People with at least a secondary education background were able to find jobs easily in the 'old' Poland. The 'wild west' attracted people who either were forced to come there, who had the pioneer spirit or who were looking for an easy life. That is why the post-war difficulties had much greater negative impact here than in the remaining parts of Poland. The lack and weakness of the manpower was increasing the organisational chaos and adding to the political conflict. The disintegration of the Zielona Góra society and the lack of social cohesion bonds had a significant influence, as it seems, on the life quality in the town. The everyday concerns were preoccupying people and the remaining problems were left to those who had the ambitions of becoming leaders. When they were moved to the 'sphere of power', they were unable to identify with the world which was not theirs and for which they were unprepared. They were fulfilling the role of a 'class alibi' for the party leaders. The latter had also questionable qualifications to fulfil their roles.

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2 Zaradny R.

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EDUCATIONAL POLICY IN ZIELONA GÓRA IN THE FIRST POST-WAR DECADE

ZIELONA GÓRA'S LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN THE FIRST POST-WAR YEARS