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Z najnowszych badań nad parlamentaryzmem szlacheckim Rzeczypospolitej w XVI–XVII wieku

100%
Kołodziej R.
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
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2013
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issue 2(5)
43-57
2
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Zur Problematik des Textanfangs am Beispiel der Vertragstexte

100%
Kołodziej R.
tekst i dyskurs - text und diskurs
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2020
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issue 13
273–298
EN
The paper discusses the problems of the opening a text texts as exemplified by contracts. Twelve contracts were examined, including sales contracts, construction contracts, lease contracts, rental contracts and employment contracts. The contract was defined as a text type. Aspects such as a text’s subject matter, function and structure are particularly important for the determination of its opening and its delimitation from the remaining parts of the text. The article illustrates the ways in which these elements determine the opening of the text. The article also contains information on other studies on text openings.
3
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Privat- und Werbeanzeigen in der „Krakauer Zeitung“ (1857–1866)

100%
Kołodziej R.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2021
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issue 20
107-120
EN
The article addresses the issue of advertisements in old newspaper texts. Specifically examined are classified private and promotional adverts from a German-language Cracow newspaper “Krakauer Zeitung”, published between 1857 and 1866. To date, few analyses of such texts have been carried out. Jörg Meier (2011) examined old German-language advertising texts published in German-language press of Central Europe, particularly in the Habsburg Monarchy. However, in his research he did not include Galicia. In his research, he considered both extra-textual (language-independent) and intra-textual (linguistic) factors. This article draws on and attempts to continue that research. The analysis takes into account the approach developed by Silvia Bendel (1998) used in the study of older advertising texts. In particular, it is concerned with text actions used in these texts, such as naming a particular product, indicating its price, giving the place of sale, etc. The text function model developed by Brinker (2001) was also taken into account. In addition, Janich’s (2013) model designed to study contemporary advertising texts was applied. The aim of this paper is to establish the features of the textual genre of “advertisement” in the analyzed texts from “Krakauer Zeitung” on the basis of the above-mentioned literature on the subject. It is specifically concerned with intra-textual factors. The study considers aspects such as textual actions, typographic elements, means of persuasion and argumentation. The study includes 20 texts which form a representative corpus. Almost all of the examined texts have a basic appellative function; however, in some of them an informative function was found. Almost all texts contain means of persuasion and argumentation that determine the appellative function. However, this function is not expressed exclusively in a linguistic way. Typographical means such as font type and size play an important role. In the analyzed texts, traces or individual instances of graphic/image elements, which complement or extend the advertising message contained in them, are used.
4
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Proces legislacyjny na sejmach w czasach Jana III Sobieskiego (1674–1696)

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Kołodziej R.
Przegląd Sejmowy
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2021
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issue 6(167)
141–169
EN
Out of a total of 12 Sejms which assembled during the reign of Jan III Sobieski (1674–96), half passed constitutions (laws). At that time the legislative initiative belonged predominantly to the monarch and the nobility (via sejmiks instructions), although other persons could also present projects of constitutions in the form of supplications. The king’s programme proposed in pre-Sejm documents was rather sparse, with Jan III attempting to avoid controversial points, which he promoted unofficially through the intermediary of the sejmiks, at which his adherents guarded the interests of the royal court. The distinctive feature of parliamentary work carried out during this period was a transference of the burden of the debate on the creation of law to the time of the conclusions (debates held by joint estates), which instead of the statutory five days lasted for as much as over ten weeks or more. For this reason participants in the debate included also senators and the king. The characteristic aspect of the debates as such was their extremely low efficacy – the outcome of the fact that particular constitutions had to be accepted by all persons attending the Sejm sessions and the increasingly frequent blocking of debates by members of particular political camps since absolute unanimity also as regards procedural issues remained binding. In 1679 the opposition managed to introduce an obligatory oath to be sworn by the marshal of the Sejm (speaker of the house) and constitution legislators (who edited the final texts of constitutions) – this was to limit the king’s influence in the Chamber of Deputies. The new regulation, however, did not produce actual benefits, and the scale of deceptions committed in the course of post-Sejm sessions held by the constitution deputation was much larger than in previous years. The last years of the reign of Jan III brought a progressive obstruction of Sejm debates, and in the 1690s resulted in the paralysis of this institution.
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