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EN
The article’s goal is to show the role of expatriates from the region of Vilnius in post-war Barczewo and also to capture the worlds saved in human memory – the one that was left behind the eastern border of Poland, the one in former East Prussia and also one that was created in Barczewo’s multicultural mosaic. In the article there are presented the characteristics of people who came from these eastern borderlands. There is also shown the relationship between the indigenous population and the migrant population. The basis of the article is the relations of the Kresowiak family - today’s inhabitants of Barczewo. A few preserved in family archival documents, written relations of people already dead, as well as published biographical studies.
XX
The article concerns Poles - lower officials of the administration of the Russian Empire in the nineteenth century. The initial thesis of the sketch is the belief that work in administration has a fundamental impact on family relationships, deconstruction of activities, and family separation of officials lasting many years. The source of the article is manuscript epistolography and memorial sources of impoverished noble families: Doliński and Łazarowicz. In the article, I analyze reasons for choosing work in administration, the reality of office work; I also ask about the identity of family members who have dispersed as a result of choosing to work in the Russian administration.
EN
The attitude of the tsarist regime against the Polish charitable initiatives in Vilnius was dependent on the political situation. Has evolved with the full approval of the time of Alexander I of suspicion and resentment for the reactionary governments of Nicholas I. Alexander I supported the initiative to establish the Vilnius Charitable Society. Nicholas I in every Polish initiative saw the source of unrest. The more that philanthropy is often combined with educational and patriotic activities. It should be emphasized that the charity, which in the first half of the nineteenth century, has become a social requirement, act as a binder different backgrounds. The best example of this is the Vilnius Charitable Society. This corresponded to the political line of Alexander I, but it has become dangerous for Nicholas. Tsar Nicholas I took control of all philanthropic initiatives in the lands of the Lithuanian – Belarusian.
EN
Memoirs “Notaty pamiętnikowe” of Antoni Łazarowicz (1819-1905), preserved in the manuscript in the Lithuanian Library of the Academy of Sciences Wróblewscy in Vilnius constitute a unique document. Their author, a civil servant in Vilnius, discovers his true attitude to the tsarist authorities in his diary. This interesting source shows the other face of a tsar official. It is also a valuable account of the living conditions of Borderland Intelligence in the 19th century.
EN
The article presents the figure of Maria Twardowska née Skirmunt (1858–1907), researcher of the Lithuanian flora, promoter of natural science, author of articles on botany, and social activist. Twardowska was one of the first women to conduct independent research on the Polish/Lithuanian flora. She published in ‘Wszechświat’ and ‘Pamiętnik Fizjograficzny’. She kept scientific contacts with Polish botanists – Edward Janczewski, Józef Rostafiński, Władysław Dybowski, and Antoni Rehman. She is the author of the herbarium, which was in the collection of the Poznań Society of Friends of Sciences until the Second World War.
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