This paper presents the phraseological realisation of the concept “POWER” in modern Polish and Russian. On the basis of the denotative and connotative analysis of the examples of phraseologisms representing the concept “POWER” in both languages, the author concludes that power is a multi-layered entity in both linguacultural spaces. It encompasses the presence of the subject and object of power, as well as the distinct ability of the subject to control the way in which another subject or a nobject functions. The chosen phraseological units confirm that they represent facts and judgements that can be interpreted as mostly negative and rarely positive with a varying degree of connotative saturation, being usually negative.
Lexicology may be one of the most impotant measures of linguistic analysis of advertising. On the basis of the analysis of texts of modern Russian cosmetic products adertising, the author conludes that the language of advertising antails two separable domains of vocabulary – valuating and neutral. A proper choice of lexical units which have the arbitrary, adjuditing connotations (rational and emotional) nay have the maximum effect on a potential buyer of an advertised cosmetics product. In needs emphasising that the axiological vocabulary in the advertisements texts propagates a certain lifestyle, while the reality created through the language of advertising is definitely beatiful, rich, benevolent and uncomolicated.
The author draws attention in the text to the fixed phrases functioning in the Polish and Russian languages, whose lexical components, on joining to form the phrase, are in contradiction to the norms of the so called semantic valence. The phrases are an echo of the rules of the carnival concept of the ≪world upside-down≫, in which all existnig norms and rules are transgressed. The analysed phrase corpus permits a conclusion that it is in its entirety anthropocentric of character and refers to various aspects of evaluating of man. The examined phrases are not only exaples of peculiar innovations in phrase units, but also result of deliberate act of creation, based on rules of carnivalisation of language.
The aim of the study is to present attributive adjectival collocations, categorizing the concept ”love” in contemporary Russian linguistic and cultural space. On the basis of semantic analysis of 130 excerpted exemplary collocations it must be stated that the realization of the concept under discussion within the analyzed language units is the result of crossing of the concept „love” with the concepts „space”, „time” and „values”, which have their semantic realization in the collocations under study. It should be emphasized that the analysis of semantics of specified collocations would not be possible without paying attention to a human being - his emotional and spiritual world, system of standards and values, as well as the feeling of love. That is why an anthropocentric paradigm has been taken into consideration in the description of the excerpted linguistic material.
On the basis of the analysis of the letters of Vladimir Naklajev to his wife, Vola, the author con- cludes that the linguistic forms used in the letters serve the function of conceptualisation of the emo- tions of their author. In fact, they are an example of ego-documents that represent the self-perception and interpretation of a particular political event in Minsk in 2010, through which the Belarussian poet, Vladimir Naklajev, verbalises his personal accounts of himself, events and other people linked with these events in the Belarussian capital. It is worth pinpointing that the language of the letters has a specific emotional climate that changes in accordance with events, situations and people, to which their author refers. The properties of the linguistic code of the letters allow to understand them as texts that symbolise the personal senses of their author.
The article highlights certain phenomena as well as objects of the current Russian reality, which are recognized, isolated and appraised by the Russian hip-hop artists, whose lyrics were analysed. The hip-hop subculture, unlike any other modern subculture, emphasizes the right to an unrestrained choice of one’s own style, way of thinking and experiencing of the world. The appraisal of the current Russian reality, functioning on the level of the lyrics and the style, depends on the assumed interpretative vision of the world of the Russian rappers. The analysis has revealed that the language of the Russian hip-hop artists is in most part filled with the negative appraisal. The axiological language, often addressed to the people, is most conspicuous. It often is manifested in insults and vulgarizm.
In the Russian language beyond the year 1990 a particularly dynamic inflow of the English and American vocabulary has been observed. The biggest number of lexical borrowings is being taken note of in the sphere of economic and political vocabulary but also that of the computer lexis and so-called mass culture - in the sphere of show-business. In the present article the author analyzes the contemporary Russian computer vocabulary and the lexis of the Russian show-business paying special attention to complementing the above mentioned thematical groups with borrowings from English and also as an example of specific sociolects, characteristic features of which being their usability and expressivity in the professional activity of the group. From the analysis of the material it appears that English lexical borrowings relatively quickly adjust to the morphological wordbuilding systems of the Russian language, forming, quite often at that, already on its own ground, new word entities endowed with a diversified stylistic character.
Artykuł stanowi recenzję rozprawy naukowej Политический фельетон в свете теории речевого воздействия polskiej autorki Żanny Sładkiewicz, wydanej w 2013 roku w Gdańsku.