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EN
Akademickie Koło Kresowe existed for 17 years (1922-1939) as an organization for students coming from Kresy (Eastern Borderlands of Poland), studying at Krakow’s universities (in the years 1922-1923 and 1933-1939 Association functioned as an institution gathering only the academic community of the Jagiellonian University, and in the years 1923-1933 and 1939 as an intercollegiate organization). The organization had more than 750 students for the period of its existence. They found here a help (accommodation, meals, grants and loans), a forum for exchanging ideas (mainly in the context of the situation of Kresy in a past and currently), a place of entertainment social (balls, fun, holidays, mountain tours), and even a substitute for the family (long friendships, marriages). Among the famous members of the Association should be mentioned such a person as: father Władysław Bukowiński, prof. Karol Górski, journalist Ksawery Pruszyński, painter Józef Czapski and many others. This article tries on the basis of Jagiellonian University Archive’s records to reconstruct the history of the organization, its ideological assumptions, structure, financial situation and fields of activity. In the end, it tries to answer the question of what importance were Kresy in later life of members of the Association and how they perceive Kresy.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł omawia przebieg jubileuszu 100-lecia urodzin Františka Palackiego i towarzyszącego mu I Zjazdu Dziennikarzy Słowiańskich w Pradze w 1898 r. z perspektywy galicyjskich Polaków. Praca bazuje na kwerendzie prasy galicyjskiej, w tym przede wszystkim takich gazet, których członkowie redakcji byli obecni w Pradze. Rezultatem przeprowadzonych badań jest próba rekonstrukcji wydarzeń w stolicy Czech, a także ukazanie, jak Polacy postrzegali głoszone przez Czechów idee. O ile Polacy byli zgodni co do potrzeby współpracy między poszczególnymi narodami słowiańskimi celem zabezpieczenia praw narodowych w monarchii habsburskiej, o tyle różnili się z Czechami w zakresie metod działania oraz szukania sojuszników. Najwięcej kontrowersji wzbudziło zaproszenie przez organizatorów rosyjskiej delegacji. Choć współpraca między dziennikarzami słowiańskimi była kontynuowana na kolejnych zjazdach dziennikarskich aż do 1912 r., to właśnie obecność i zaangażowanie Rosjan zadecydowało o wycofaniu się Polaków z ostatnich spotkań.
EN
The article describes the course of 100 years’ jubilee of František Palacki’s birthday and the accompanying 1st Congress of Slavic Journalists in Prague in 1898 from the perspective of Galician Poles. The study is based on the search query in major Galician newspapers, including those whose editorial staff was present in Prague. The result of the conducted research is the attempt at reconstructing events which occurred in the capital of Czechia and at showing how Poles perceived the ideas promulgated by Czechs. Poles agreed with the need for cooperation between particular Slavic nation in order to secure national rights in the Habsburg Monarchy, but disagreed with Czechs in terms of methods of operation and searching for allies. The biggest controversy was aroused by the Russian delegation invited by the organisers. Although the cooperation between Slavic journalists was continued at the successive journalistic congresses until 1912, it is the Russian presence and involvement that would decide about Poles’ withdrawal from the last meetings.
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This article shows the narrations of Polish and Ruthenian participants of Prague Slavic Congress of 1848. The main sources include diaries, memoirs, correspondence and other publications published after 1848. This publication attempts to answer the following questions: What political objectives did Poles and Ruthenians have in Prague?; What hopes did delegates associate with the congress?; How did they describe or remember events of 1848?; and finally How did they refer to the other nationalities represented at the congress?
Sowiniec
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2013
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issue 43
19-51
EN
The present article is the result of academic cataloguing of 1831 and 1863 veterans’ tomb in the RakowiceCemetery in Krakow. The tomb was founded in 1883 by the Society for the Support of the Veterans of 1831 [Towarzystwo Opiekinad Weteranami 1831 roku]. The first part is an attempt to present the tomb’s history and the origins of the construction, with reference to the later extension and the unfulfilled plan, from the late 1930s, to build a new monumental tomb. The description is based on the acts of the National Archive in Krakow [Archiwum Narodowe w Krakowie] and on the 19th century Krakow press releases. The work also attempts to establish the number of the veterans who are buried in the tomb, because the memorial plaques which are preserved until the present day do not include all of the buried names. Some of the plaques’ inscriptions present distorted personal data: misspelled names, wrong dates of birth or death. It was possible to clarify these data on the basis of the acts located in the Municipal Cemetery Administration’s Archives of the Rakowice Cemetery in Krakow [Archiwum Zarządu Cmentarzy Komunalnych w Krakowie na Rakowicach]. An appendix which presents a list of 139 names of the veterans buried there and an inventory description of the 56 memorial plaques built into the walls of the tomb constitutes the second part of the article. The inventory provides the plaques’ sizes and the epigraphic edition of the epitaphic transcriptions. The data gathered may augment both biographical research on the lives of the participants of the Polish national uprisings living in the 19th century Krakow, as well as on the issue of cultivating the tradition of independence.
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This article contains a critical edition of the manuscript by Plato Kostecki entitled W sprawie ruskiej from 1863 placed in the Vasyl Stefanyk Lviv National Scientific Library of Ukraine named by W. Stefanyk. This text, probably never published, is an interesting analysis of the awareness of the Galician Ruthenians at the beginning of the 1860s. The author not only shows ideas and political attitudes popular among Ruthenian elites but also he undertakes the task of searching for answers to the question about the causes for Ruthenians’ dislike towards Poles and he suggests solutions aiming at changing this state of affairs. In the critical edition of this manuscript attempts have been made to discuss such issues as the author, references to the manuscript in literature on the subject, the problem of dating, most important theses, reasons for not publishing the manuscript, editorial issues.
EN
The history of Slovakia and the Slovaks has been perceived in Polish historiography for many years as a component of larger wholes: the history of Hungary or the history of Czechoslovakia. For this reason, Polish historians usually paid little attention to the phenomenon of the national development of the Slovaks in the 19th century. This situation began to change only from the 1990s, when numerous studies finally appeared seeking to see the history of Slovakia and the Slovaks as a separate historical issue from the histories of the Hungarians and especially the Czechs. This text is aimed at presenting the achievements of Polish scholars over the last three decades with regard to the history of Slovakia and the Slovaks in the 19th century. The article describes the most important Polish synthetic studies, collective studies, and finally monographic works on the history of Slovakia and Slovak culture. Attention was also paid to the most important scientific centres in Poland, which initiate research in the field of Slovak culture and history. Despite the growing interest in Poland’s southern neighbour in recent years, significant shortcomings in Polish historiography are still visible. The article also attempts to draw attention to the desirable perspectives for further research in Poland.
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