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PL
Celem opracowania jest analiza dynamiki rozwoju usług wiązanych na polskim rynku telekomunikacyjnym w latach 2014-2016. W części teoretycznej przedstawiono problematykę rynku usług, specyfikę rynku usług telekomunikacyjnych, w tym rynku usług wiązanych. W części empirycznej przedstawiono wyniki badań, które zostały przeprowadzone w celu oceny kierunku i tempa zmian w zakresie usług wiązanych na polskim rynku telekomunikacyjnym. Analizę przeprowadzono w oparciu o dane z publikacji Urzędu Komunikacji Elektronicznej. Wyniki analizy wskazują przede wszystkim na wyraźnie rosnącą tendencję pod względem liczby użytkowników i przychodów w badanym zakresie rynku telekomunikacyjnego.
EN
The aim of the study is to analyse dynamics of the bundled services development on the Polish telecommunications market in the period 2014-2016. The theoretical part presents the issue of services market, character of telecommunications services market, including bundled services market. The empirical part presents the results of the research which was carried out to assess the direction and the rate of changes in terms of bundled services on the Polish telecommunications market. The analysis was realised on the basis of data from the Office of Electronic Communications publications. The results of the analysis primarily indicate a clearly growing trend in terms of the number of users and revenues in the analysed extent of the telecommunications market.
EN
Aim/purpose – The aim of this paper is to analyze and compare the development of voivodships in terms of social media usag e in enterprises in the period from 2014 to 2017. The aim has been formulated because of the increasingly greater significance of social media in post-industrial enterprises. Design/methodology/approach – The two types of linear ordering methods were ap- plied, i.e., the method based on the pattern of development (Hellwig’s method) and the methods that were non-based on the pattern of development were used. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient ρ and Kendall’s rank correlation coefficient τ were used to verify correlations between various rankings. Analysis of the dynamics, spatial visualizations, box plots and polar plots were used in relation to the aggregated measures. In conducted analyses, data from the period 2014-2017 (pr ovided by the Central Statistical Office of Poland) was used. The each year for the period from 2014 to 2017 was analyzed. Findings – In all rankings (with the use of all ty pes of applied measures and also in all analyzed years) the 1st place was taken by Masovian Voivodship. The distance between Masovian Voivodship and other voivodships was still significant during the analyzed period. The created rankings were similar in terms of statistical significance of computed correlation coefficients in all analyses. The research study results do not indicate a clear dispersion of the level of the analyzed phenomenon between eastern and western voivodships. It was also found that the highe r is ICT usage by enterprises in a voivod- ship, the more common is social media usage by them. There is a clear overall tendency of increase in the phenomenon dur ing the period from 2014 to 2017. Research implications/limitations – The main implications is that the identified differ- ences between areas can be a basis to assess the social media usage as a specific factor of business development. The research result s indicate voivodships that should employ social media more and the highest placed voivo dships as well. The results can be regard as support for the policy of digitization and building a knowledge-based economy. Originality/value/contribution – The originality of this pa per is based on: the created rankings of voivodships in terms of social media usage in enterprises in the period 2014- 2017, the comparison and assessment of voivodsh ips in this context, and the identifica- tion of change of the social media usage in individual voivodships and in Poland as a whole.
EN
In this article was presented the essence of telecom market and its regulation. There was presented legislative history relating to establishment and competence evolution of the regulator of the polish telecom market. There was confirmed the thesis that the regulator activity had an influence on increase of the competition level in individual telecom market segments (fixed network telephony market, mobile telephony market, Internet access). This thesis confirmation as based on described cases of the Office of Electronic Communications activity and analyses of the market concentration indicators, which include Herfindahl-Hirschman's indicator.
EN
The aim of the study is to analyze the growth of research and development activities of Polish ICT sector in 2007-2014. The theoretical part presents the issues related to the concept and classification of ICT sector, and the importance of research and development of ICT sector for socio-economic development. The empirical part presents the econometric analysis of expenditures on research and development of Polish ICT sector in the period of 2007-2014. On the basis of the data from the Central Statistical Office sixteen potential explanatory variables were defined. There were estimated three econometric models. In the best fitted model two variables were included finally: net sales in the ICT sector and net export sales in the ICT services.
PL
Celem opracowania jest analiza rozwoju działalności badawczo-rozwojowej polskiego sektora ICT w latach 2007-2014. W części teoretycznej przedstawiono problematykę związaną z pojęciem i klasyfikacją sektora ICT, a także znaczenie działalności badawczo-rozwojowej sektora ICT dla rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego. W części empirycznej przedstawiono analizę ekonometryczną nakładów na działalność badawczo-rozwojową polskiego sektora ICT z lat 2007-2014. W oparciu o dane z roczników GUS zdefiniowano szesnaście potencjalnych zmiennych objaśniających. Oszacowano trzy modele ekonometryczne. W najlepiej dopasowanym modelu ostatecznie znalazły się dwie zmienne: przychody netto ze sprzedaży w sektorze ICT oraz przychody netto ze sprzedaży na eksport w usługach ICT.
PL
Celem opracowania jest analiza stopnia wykorzystania ICT przez polskie przedsiębiorstwa w podziale na województwa. W części teoretycznej przedstawiono problematykę roli ICT w gospodarce postindustrialnej, a zwłaszcza znaczenie poziomu nakładów na ICT w kontekście wzrostu gospodarczego. Zaprezentowano również metodykę zrealizowanych badań własnych. W części empirycznej przedstawiono wyniki analiz, których celem było uporządkowanie województw pod względem wykorzystania ICT przez przedsiębiorstwa. W oparciu o dane z publikacji GUS zdefiniowano siedemnaście potencjalnych zmiennych diagnostycznych. Ostatecznie wykorzystano jedenaście zmiennych mających najwyższe możliwości dyskryminacyjne. Rankingi utworzono z wykorzystaniem trzech metod porządkowania. We wszystkich uzyskanych rankingach pierwsze trzy miejsca zajmują odpowiednio województwa: mazowieckie, małopolskie, dolnośląskie.
EN
The aim of the study is to analyze the degree of ICT usage in Polish enterprises in the particular voivodeships. The theoretical part presents the issue of ICT role in the post-industrial economy, especially the importance of expenditure on ICT with regard to the economic growth. The methodology of own research was also presented. The empirical part presents the results of the research which was carried out to obtain rankings of voivodeships in terms of the ICT usage in enterprises. Seventeen potential diagnostic variables were defined. These variables were based on data from the publications of the Central Statistical Office. Finally, eleven variables with the highest discriminatory potential were used. The rankings were created with the use of three ordering methods. In all obtained rankings, the first three places are occupied by the following voivodeships: mazowieckie, małopolskie, dolnośląskie.
EN
This special section opens a two-part collection of articles, to be published in two consecutive issues of CEEMR in 2019, looking at various aspects of migration from and into CEE that address the links between mobility and political and economic transition in the region. Its goal is to discuss, on the one hand, the contribution of the migration research conducted in CEE to the broader migration literature and, on the other, to demonstrate region-specific topics. An important inspiration for the preparation of this issue is the 25th anniversary of the Centre of Migration Research (CMR) at the University of Warsaw; this is accompanied by some reflections on how migration studies have developed in Poland and other CEE countries during these years of transition. Since the very beginning, the idea that guided research conducted in the CMR was to analyse migration in a broad socio-economic context and to develop cooperation with the best international teams of migration scholars. Therefore, for this special collection, we invited contributions which demonstrate the development of scientific collaboration between CMR researchers and outstanding European and non-European scholars, as well as articles by international researchers from all over Europe which focus on specific migration topics intersecting with post-communist transition in the CEE region.
EN
The article looks at one of the most controversial and heavily debated issues in the recent discussion on mobility: links between migration and the welfare state. Aims of the paper are twofold. First, authors introduce a broad review of both theoretical and empirical literature to exemplify how complex is the role of welfare state related factors in shaping the scale and structure of migration and, on the other hand, what are the real fiscal impacts of immigration on well developed economies. Second, the paper focuses on the case of recent Ukrainian immigrants in Poland to unveil the role of structural characteristics of migration flows and of the welfare system itself in the overall assessment of fiscal impacts of migration.
PL
Artykułu porusza jeden z najbardziej kontrowersyjnych tematów we współczesnych dyskusjach na temat mobilności – relacje między migracjami a sferą zabezpieczenia społecznego. Autorzy stawiają sobie dwa cele. Po pierwsze, za sprawą przeglądu literatury teoretycznej i empirycznej wskazują na niejednoznaczność ocen wpływu systemów zabezpieczania społecznego na skalę i strukturę migracji oraz wykraczające poza stereotypowe podejście do skutków migracji fiskalne efekty obecności imigrantów w krajach wysoko rozwiniętych. Po drugie, skupiając się na przypadku ukraińskich imigrantów w Polsce wykazują, jak istotną rolę w ocenie powyższych relacji odgrywa struktura procesu migracyjnego oraz charakter systemu zabezpieczenia społecznego.
PL
Celem opracowania jest analiza wskaźnika poziomu kosztów polskiego sektora ICT w latach 2008-2015. W części teoretycznej przedstawiono znaczenie sektora ICT dla wzrostu konkurencyjności gospodarki i problematykę związaną z analizą i klasyfikacją kosztów przedsiębiorstw. W części empirycznej przedstawiono analizę wskaźnika poziomu kosztów sektora ICT z lat 2008-2015. W oparciu o dane z roczników GUS dokonano porównań wartości wskaźnika poziomu kosztów uwzględniając: sektor ICT, produkcję ICT, usługi ICT, a także sektor produkcji i usług ogółem z analogicznym rozdzieleniem danych (produkcja i usługi ogółem, produkcja, usługi). Wyniki analizy wskazują na wzrostową tendencję analizowanego wskaźnika dla polskiego sektora ICT, która spowodowana jest coraz wyższymi wartościami wskaźnika w obszarze usług ICT.
EN
The aim of the study is to analyze the indicator of costs level in the Polish ICT sector in the period 2008-2015. The theoretical part presents the importance of the ICT sector for improving of the economy competitiveness and the issues related to the analysis and classification of enterprises costs. The empirical part presents analysis of the costs index in the Polish ICT sector in 2008-2015. The analysis was based on data from the Central Statistical Office publications. The comparisons of the costs index values were carried out including: the ICT sector, the ICT production, the ICT services and the total production and services sector with the analogical distribution of data (total production and services, production, services). The results of the analysis indicate that the analyzed indicator in the Polish ICT sector is characterized by growing trend. It is caused by the ever higher indicator values in the field of the ICT services.
EN
The article presents the main recent developments in migration policy and migration trends to and from Poland. Polish migration policy has been becoming more open to immigrants in the years 2009-2011, especially immigrants needed by the Polish economy. At the same time, according to the new migration strategy, it is going to devote more attention to the issue of immigrants’ integration. As for trends in international migration, the trans-border mobility remained elevated and intensified, among others due to agreements on the Local Border Traffic with the Eastern neighbours. Since 2006 the emigration for a permanent stay has been decreasing and immigration for a permanent stay has been increasing, mostly due to return migration of Polish citizens, but still, in 2010 a negative net migration was registered. The number of long-term Polish emigrants stabilized, while the number of short-term emigrants declined abruptly, which suggests that Poland is already in a ‘late’ or ‘mature’ phase of post-accession emigration, characterized by stabilization of the outflow of settlement type and intensification of return migration. The latter is to some extent reflected by the statistics referring to immigration for a permanent stay and to mixed marriages. Labour immigration and foreign employment in Poland have been increasing constantly over recent years.
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