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Selected Aspects of Contemporary Air Threats

100%
Kulik T.
Safety & Defense
|
2020
|
vol. 1
11-21
EN
One of the factors affecting the security of a state is air threats. Their nature often exerts a negative impact on both the functioning of the state and using airspace. The purpose of this article is to define the term of air threats and characterize contemporary air threats, illustrated with numerous examples. The scientific deliberations lead to outlining possible development trends in this respect, in relation to technological progress. The article ends with several concluding statements with regard to an analysis of prospective air threats. It also shows possible development trends in the discussed matter. The final part of the article is devoted to conclusions regarding the transformation of contemporary air threats.
2
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The Multi-Criteria Method for the Evaluation of Combat Capabilities of Surface to Air Missile Systems for the NAREW Program

100%
Kulik T.
Safety & Defense
|
2021
|
vol. 2
90-104
EN
The selection of weapon systems involves a number of activities to choose the best system in relation to the predefined operational requirements and other vital criteria. In the case of surface to air missile systems competing for the NAREW program, attempts are being made to obtain an asset that will be capable of engaging a spectrum of air threats, under specified conditions, with a predefined high degree of probability. In order to make the right choice, it is necessary to an alyze information on performance and combat capabilities. Thus, the aim of this article is to develop a preliminary method of evaluating the capabilities of surface to air missile systems offered under the NAREW program. The theoretical foundation of the empirical study was provided by the method of literature content analysis. Using the methods of comparison and generalization, the author obtained data on the combat capabilities of surface to air missile systems expressed through their tactical and technical parameters. Among the empirical methods, the author applied the algorithm of a multi-criteria analysis and an assessment of the capabilities of surface to air missile systems based on the use of matrix calculus. The diagnostic survey, conducted by means of the questionnaire technique, made it possible to prioritize the adopted evaluation criteria and, consequently, to conduct proper research. The formulation of the final conclusions and establishing the links between the theoretical and empirical part of the study was achieved by means of a synthesis. The results obtained in such a manner may constitute a valuable information database, showing the directions that should be considered when selecting a short-range surface to air missile (SAM) System for Poland. The evaluations and suggestions included in this study can be used for prospective solutions and research conducted in a similar area.
3
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Charakterystyka wybranych bezzałogowych statków powietrznych przeznaczonych do rozpoznania powietrznego

63%
Kulik T., Kaźmierczak H.
Aviation and Security Issues
|
2022
|
vol. 2
|
issue 2
47-63
EN
One of the main functions of unmanned aerial vehicles is aerial intelligence reconnaissance. It plays a leading role in time of peace, crisis or war. The reason for this is that without reliable and up-to-date data, planning of operations is much harder, less effective and, in many aspects, even impossible. In the military aspect, the aim of air intelligence is to provide data about the enemy, as well as to judge the results of the operations conducted by own forces. The purpose of this article is to identify tactical and technical parameters characterizing unmanned aerial vehicles used in the Polish Armed Forces, intended for air reconnaissance. With this in mind, the article firstly describes the essence of air reconnaissance, then establishes the role and place of UAV in air reconnaissance, characterizes the platforms used by the Polish military, and then compares and contrasts them in terms of such parameters as wingspan, maximum takeoff weight, cruising speed, maximum speed, flight duration and operational range. It helped to illustrate the differences in their construction, identify certain relationships as well as characteristics and draw final conclusions. In the article have been used methods of research such as analysis, synthesis, generalization and comparison.
PL
Jednym z podstawowych zadań wykonywanych przez bezzałogowe statki powietrzne jest rozpoznanie powietrzne. Odgrywa ono wiodącą rolę zarówno w czasie pokoju, kryzysu, jak i wojny. Dzieje się tak, ponieważ bez wiarygodnych i aktualnych danych planowanie działań jest znacznie trudniejsze, mniej skuteczne, a w wielu aspektach wręcz niemożliwe. W aspekcie militarnym zadaniem rozpoznania powietrznego jest pozyskanie danych o przeciwniku, jak również ocena rezultatów prowadzenia działań wojsk własnych. Celem niniejszego artykułu była identyfikacja parametrów taktyczno-technicznych charakteryzujących bezzałogowe statki powietrzne wykorzystywane w Siłach Zbrojnych RP, przeznaczone do prowadzenia rozpoznania powietrznego. Mając na uwadze powyższe, w pierwszej kolejności opisano istotę rozpoznania powietrznego, następnie ustalono rolę i miejsce BSP w rozpoznaniu powietrznym, scharakteryzowano platformy użytkowane przez polskie wojsko, a w dalszej części zestawiono oraz porównano je pod względem takich parametrów, jak: rozpiętość skrzydeł, maksymalna masa startowa, prędkość przelotowa, prędkość maksymalna, długotrwałość lotu oraz zasięg operacyjnego działania. Pozwoliło to zobrazować różnice w ich budowie, określić pewne zależności i właściwości oraz sporządzić wnioski końcowe. W artykule posłużono się takimi metodami badawczymi, jak: analiza, synteza, uogólnienie oraz porównanie
4
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A Preliminary Assessment of the Effectiveness of Training Using a Virtual Reality Simulator of the Anti-aircraft Missile Launcher

51%
Kulik T., Konopacki M. M., Rodzik D.
Safety & Defense
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2023
|
vol. 1
EN
Training an anti-aircraft soldier is expensive, complicated, and time-consuming. As a result, many countries, weighing the cost-effectiveness, opt to introduce solutions aimed at minimizing this trend. One of them is incorporating modern training devices such as simulators and trainers into the training. However, to make this happen, it is worth analyzing the effectiveness of training with their use by comparing it to that conducted in a traditional way. With this in mind, the purpose of this article is to present the results of research on the effectiveness of using a Virtual Reality (VR) simulator developed at the Military University of Technology in teaching the construction and basic activities of combat work in the area of conducting a selected check of the functioning of the SA6 Gainful missile launcher system. The theoretical foundation for the empirical research was provided by a method of analyzing literary content. By using the method of comparison and generalization, knowledge was obtained about the general construction and use of training devices in the training of the anti-aircraft defense forces of the Polish Armed Forces, and the features of the VR simulator were described. As regards the empirical methods, a study was conducted using a research sample which was conducted using a parallel triangulation strategy scheme involving the simultaneous use of quantitative and qualitative methods. The synthesis served in formulating the final conclusions and in determining the relationships between theoretical and empirical studies. The results obtained in this way can provide valuable information about the effectiveness of using training devices in training anti-aircraft defense forces and serve as a basis for further work on their development and application.
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