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The country of origin principle and competition among national regulatory régimes in East Central Europe

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Polyák G., Szőke G. L.

Central European Journal of Communication

2009

vol. 2

issue 1(2)

83-97

The cornerstone of European media regulation is the principle of the “country of origin”, which makes it possible for broadcasters to establish themselves in any EEA Member State and to broadcast their programmes in another one (CEC, 2006). The less competitive is this regulatory framework when compared with other countries, the greater is the possibility that broadcasters will set up their operation in another state. Firstly, we shall describe the European legal framework relating to the country of origin principle, including the ECJ’s case law. We also propose to show the potential difficulties of interpretation of the new regulation of the AMS Directive concerning this principle. We will also examine how the country of origin principle affects the media régimes of the East Central European region. We shall compare the Hungarian system with the regulations of Czech Re- public and Romania, and we shall show those factors which influence the broadcaster’s willingness and motivation to choose a country from which to operate.

Migration Coverage in Europe, Russia and the United States

27%

Kreutler M., Fengler S., Asadi N., Bodrunova S., Budivska H., Diop L., Ertz G., Gigola D., Katus E., Kovacs D., Kuś M., Láb F., Litvinenko A., Mack J., Maier S., Pinto Martinho A., Matei A., Miller K. C., Oppermann L., Pérez Vara E., Polyák G., Ravisankar R., Rodríguez Pérez C., Semova D. J., Skleparis D., Splendore S., Štefaniková S., Szynol A., Telo D., Zguri R.

Central European Journal of Communication

2022

vol. 15

issue 2(31)

202-226

Six years after the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ in 2015, the European Union remains divided on questions of migration and asylum policy. The issue also remains high on the agendas of the USA and Russia, two other key destination countries with immigration from Latin America and the Post-Soviet space. This article presents results from a comparative study of news coverage in 17 countries, focusing on 10 EU member states in Western and Central Eastern Europe (CEE), the USA and Russia. The intensity of coverage was remarkably different, with Hungary’s and Germany’s media standing out while Russian media displayed relatively low levels of coverage. Individual migrants and refugees were most visible in the two outlets from the USA. Media in CEE countries tended towards a more critical approach than media in Western Europe. However, differences between most countries’ pairs of analyzed media outlets indicate a more pluralistic debate than frequently assumed.

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2 Central European Journal of Communication

2 Polyák G.

1 Asadi N.

1 Bodrunova S.

1 Budivska H.

1 Diop L.

1 Ertz G.

1 Fengler S.

1 Gigola D.

1 Katus E.

1 Kovacs D.

1 Kreutler M.

1 Kuś M.

1 Litvinenko A.

1 Láb F.

1 Mack J.

1 Maier S.

1 Matei A.

1 Miller K. C.

1 Oppermann L.

1 Pinto Martinho A.

1 Pérez Vara E.

1 Ravisankar R.

1 Rodríguez Pérez C.

1 Semova D. J.

1 Skleparis D.

1 Splendore S.

1 Szynol A.

1 Szőke G. L.

1 Telo D.

1 Zguri R.

1 Štefaniková S.

1 2022

1 2009

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The country of origin principle and competition among national regulatory régimes in East Central Europe

Migration Coverage in Europe, Russia and the United States