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PL
The final values and the sense of security in students differing in the empathy levelThe aim of the research has been to present students’ preferences for values, their empathy and sense of security. The following methods have been used: the Rokeach Value Survey to identify the preference for values; Uchnast’s Sense of Security Questionnaire (SSQ) to determine the level of the sense of security, and Mehrabian and Epstein’s Empathy Questionnaire (MEEQ) to determine the level of empathy. The research was carried out in a group of students, aged 21–25, in Krakow in 2009. Further analysis was based on 200 sets of questionnaires filled in by the young people, with the average values (M), standard deviations (SD) and the ANOVA variance analysis taken into account and with the Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis used to specify the independent  variables. The research has shown that students with a high level of empathy prefer final values other than those chosen by students whose level of empathy is low. Students with both levels of empathy appreciate the personal final values of wisdom and pleasure more than social ones. The strongest final values helping to explain the variance of the sense of security in the group of students with a high level of empathy are personal values such as pleasure, comfortable life or exciting life, while in the group of students with a low level of empathy it is also a personal value, the beauty of the world.
EN
The article reviews the book L' esperienza tragica come iniziazione: Lev Šestov [Tragic Experience as Initiation: Lev Shestov], by Aleksander Posacki.
3
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Wybrane determinanty przeżyć religijnych

100%
Roczniki Psychologiczne
|
2004
|
vol. 7
|
issue 1
77-99
EN
Some psychologists believe that there is some correlation between gender or the choice of a university and religiousness of an individual, the intensity of the effects of a religious experience, coping with stress and a sense of security. It is also thought that many factors such, as the background of a person, their upbringing, their religious attitude, maturity and sense of security can have an influence on the intensity of religious experiences over life. Research was carried out in a group of 150 students. All of them described themselves as believers and did report religious experiences in their lives. 134 properly filled in questionnaires were used for the analysis. There were 33 men from the University of Economy, 37 men from the Forestry Faculty of the Academy of Agriculture, 32 women from Ignatianum University in Krakow and 32 women from Vocational High School in Nowy Sącz. The age of the subjects was within the range of 22 to 25 years. The author of the article, interested in the issues of the sense of security, coping with stress and religious experiences of the students of various universities has tried to answer the following questions: Does the independent variable, gender differentiate (influence) the level of the sense of security, the effects of religious experiences of God’s presence or absence, and coping with stress? Which of the independent variables identified in Ways of Coping Questionnaire (and to what extent) have an influence on the dependent variables; the sense of effects of the experience of God’s presence (OB) and the sense of effects of the experience of God’s absence (NOB)? The results show that gender has a definite influence on differentiation of the dependent variables. It should be emphasised that when the regression analysis is applied one can notice that essential independent variables of religious character have the most tangible influence on the dependent variables. However, mainly the former ones decide about the intensity of religious experiences of an individual.
EN
Abstract The author of this paper, interested in the issues of values preference, meaning in life and altruism among university students has attempted to show a relation between them in the present period of clearly noticeable socio-cultural change. The study was conducted in 2009-2010 in Kraków among university students. The age of the respondents ranged from 21 to 25. 200 sets of correctly completed questionnaires were used for the results analysis. In order to show values preference among university students Rokeach’s ValueSurvey (RVS) was used. The level of a sense of meaning in life was measured by means of Crumbaugh and Maholick’s Purpose in Life Test (PLT). Moreover, Śliwak’s Questionnaire of Altruism (A-N) was applied to measure the level of altruism. It was found that students with a high level of altruism are accompanied by a higher level of meaning in life than students with a low level thereof. Terminal values significantly correlate with meaning in life in groups of students with a high and low level of altruism. Among terminal values, values personal in character appear to be more strongly related to meaning in life than values social in character.
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