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1

Mental representations and cognitive maps in humans a review of research and theory

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Stryjewska D., Janda-Dębek B.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
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2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1
81-104
EN
This paper presents the current state of knowledge and research on human mental spatial representations in the form of cognitive maps. Theoretical considerations about the characteristics and components of cognitive maps, as well as about errors made during their construction, are discussed. The probable individual traits involved in mental spatial reconstruction are pointed out. Because most people today live in urban habitats, the paper devotes a considerable amount of space to describing and analyzing cognitive maps by Kevin Lynch. Also discussed is environment legibility, especially in the urban environment.
2

TEMPERAMENT AND PERCEIVED ATTRACTIVENESS OF ARCHITECTURAL OBJECTS

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Dębek M., Janda-Dębek B.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 1
123-146
EN
Research so far and hypotheses about psychological aspects of perception suggest that attitudes towards objects can be affected by individual traits, especially temperament. In this article the authors attempt to discuss whether attitudes towards architectural an object could be conditioned individually, at the level of temperamental differences. The authors reveal empirical findings on the relation of temperament to attitudes towards architectural structures featured in various shapes, colors and forms. The study included 389 persons. The fundamental issue was addressed using 3D architectural models (with variable controlled formal features) and the author`s Questionnaire on Attitudes to Architectural Objects. The obtained results are unambiguous: Temperament varies the attitude, but not unconditionally. Significant variation of attitudes due to temperament seems to affect architectural objects only with specific layouts of formal features. Nevertheless, the presented results can be treated as a premise for further research in this field of study.
3

Attitude towards architectural objects and the Construal Level Theory (CLT) by Liberman and Trope

100%
Janda-Dębek B., Dębek M.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 4
81-96
XX
Human attitude towards architectural objects depends on many factors. These include cultural, situational, and individual conditions, as well as psychological distance towards the object. Yaacov Trope and Nira Liberman – creators of the Construal Level Theory (CLT) – maintain that psychological distance towards any object may signifi cantly infl uence psychological construction of the object; we construct psychologically distant objects more abstractly, and close ones – more concretely. In our article we present the results of a study in which we manipulated the psychological distance towards architectural objects, making them more concrete (bringing them closer psychologically to test participants) by placing logos of chosen restaurant brands on their fronts. We were looking for an answer to the question: Is an abstract object (building) evaluated differently than a more concrete one despite the fact that both have identical formal features (color, shape, form)? We tested 120 people. Experiment results support the assumptions of the CLT. Participants reacted differently to an abstract object (without a signboard) than to all objects made more concrete with restaurant logo signboards (including a fi ctional franchise). The differences in affective reactions were especially signifi cant. Reactions to objects on the same level of concreteness did not differ, even between varying brands. Regardless of brands, affective reactions towards more concrete objects (any signboard, any brand) were more positive than towards an abstract object (without signboard).
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