The subject of the commentary is to determine the tax consequences of a donation made to a person in a marital relationship based on community property and the scope of withholding agent’s obligations of a notary in connection with the preparation of such an agreement. The Supreme Administrative Court stated that the effect of concluding a donation agreement with a married recipient, if the subject of the donation is part of joint property, is the creation of a tax obligation on the part of the recipient and his or her spouse. At the same time, this court assumed that the notary should not be liable for failure to collect tax due to the taxpayer’s absence when preparing the notarial deed. The author critically evaluates these theses.
PL
Glosa poświęcona jest analizie wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 22 czerwca 2022 r., sygn. III FSK 5090/21. Jej przedmiotem jest ustalenie skutków podatkowo-prawnych darowizny dokonanej na rzecz osoby pozostającej w związku małżeńskim opartym na wspólności majątkowej oraz zakresu obowiązków płatniczych ciążących na notariuszu w związku ze sporządzeniem takiej umowy w formie aktu notarialnego. Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny stwierdził bowiem, że skutkiem zawarcia umowy darowizny z osobą obdarowaną pozostającą w związku małżeńskim, jeśli przedmiot darowizny wchodzi w skład majątku wspólnego, jest powstanie obowiązku podatkowego zarówno po stronie obdarowanego, jak i jego współmałżonka. Sąd ten przyjął jednocześnie, że notariusz nie powinien ponosić odpowiedzialności za niepobranie podatku ze względu na nieobecność podatnika przy sporządzaniu aktu notarialnego. Glosa krytycznie ocenia to stanowisko.
Dissenting opinions to the rulings of state bodies are submitted very rarely. The purpose of this article was to identify the reasons for this phenomenon in case of rulings of collegial public finance bodies, such as committees adjudicating on cases of violation of public finance discipline (including joint adjudication committee, inter-ministerial adjudication committee, adjudication committee at the Chief of Staff of the Prime Minister Chancellery, regional adjudication committees at regional accounting chambers, the Main Adjudication Committee) and rulings of local government appeal boards adjudicating on tax matters. The research was conducted using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview research technique. The research material included 67 questionnaires completed by a group of employees-adjudicators of the above-mentioned bodies. Their analysis led to the following research findings which explained why dissenting opinions to the decisions of collegial public finance authorities are submitted so seldom: rare occurrence of controversies among the members of the adjudicating panel, personality traits of the members of these bodies, and more specifically, striving to ensure their independence and a sense of collegiality. The shape of the procedural provisions governing the rules for submitting dissenting opinions cannot be seen as one of such reasons.
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