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Krytyka perypatetyckich poglądów kosmologicznych w Selenografii Heweliusza

100%
Jasiński M.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2014
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vol. 23
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issue 1(44)
69-122
EN
The article describes sections of a book by Gdańsk astronomer Johannes Hevelius (1611-1647) Selenographia, sive Lunae descriptio ( Gdańsk 1647), in which he polemises with views of his contemporary opponents of heliocentric theory and new astronomy. Hevelius calls them, narrowing the meaning of the word, peripatetics (such term has been adopted in the article) and criticizes them for their reluctance to accept the truth of telescope observations and for rigorous adherence to the letter of the works of Aristotle, even if the facts speak against them. Statements criticised by him concern the following dilemmas: sunspots, the nature of the body of the moon and mountains on its surface, celestial spheres and several minor questions. Hevelius challenges the described views drawing on his own, precise astronomical observations, referring to scientific works, including those written by peripatetics, and making some common sense observations contradictory to the statements of supporters of old cosmology. The first part of the article presents sections of the book of Hevelius that were critical of peripatetics and places them against the background of astronomical theories of the time. The second one comprises additions containing translations of the said parts of the book.
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Szyfr Stanisława Lubienieckiego

100%
Jasiński M.
Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce
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2019
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vol. 63
PL
Artykuł zawiera omówienie klucza szyfrowego, który znajduje się w materiałach po Stanisławie Lubienieckim młodszym (1623–1675), przechowywanych w Zbiorach Specjalnych Uniwersytetu w Amsterdamie. Szyfr zachował się jedynie w brudnopisie i nie jest pewne, czy był wykorzystywany. Artykuł podejmuje także próbę wskazania, do czego Lubienieckiemu mógł ten szyfr posłużyć.
EN
The article discusses the cipher key which is kept in Stanisław Lubieniecki the Younger’s (1623–1675) materials in the Special Collections of the University of Amsterdam. Only a draft of the code is preserved and it is uncertain whether it was used or not. The paper also aims to determine the purpose of creating such a code.
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Dyletancki kompilator Stanisław Lubieniecki. Polemika z artykułem Sylwii Konarskiej-Zimnickiej Theatrum cometicum Stanisława Lubienieckiego młodszego jako przykład zainteresowań astronomiczno-astrologicznych arian

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Jasiński M.
Res Historica
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2017
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issue 44
EN
Contrary to statements made by S. Konarska-Zimnicka in her paper Theatrum cometicum by Stanisław Lubieniecki the Younger as an Example of Astronomical-Astrological Interests of Arians (“Res Historica” 2016, 42, pp. 101–126), Lubieniecki was neither an experienced astronomer, nor an astronomer at all. His interest in comets and celestial objects was accidental and amateurish. He fulfilled it by his correspondence with various scholars. He asked them about their opinions on celestial phenomena while he said nothing of his own. His book Theatrum cometicum (Amstelodami 1666–1668) is a compilation of data from different sources and contains no own views by the author. Lubieniecki made no statement on any astronomical issue, including heliocentric model of the Universe. He rather focused on astrological matter and discussed with common belief that comets cause calamities. Therefore, he cannot be called “an astronomer” but rather “a compiler” and “a dilettante”.
PL
Wbrew twierdzeniom Sylwii Konarskiej-Zimnickiej, przedstawionym w artykule Theatrum cometicum Stanisława Lubienieckiego młodszego jako przykład zainteresowań astronomiczno-astrologicznych arian („Res Historica” 2016, 42, s. 101–126), Lubieniecki nie był biegłym astronomem ani astronomem w ogóle. Jego zainteresowanie kometami i ciałami niebieskimi było przygodne i amatorskie. Realizował je za pomocą korespondencji z różnymi uczonymi, prosząc ich o opinie na temat zjawisk niebieskich, sam nie zabierając głosu. Jego książka Theatrum cometicum (Amstelodami 1666–1668) stanowi kompilację materiałów zebranych z różnych źródeł i pozbawiona jest własnych twierdzeń autora. Stanisław Lubieniecki nie przedstawił swojego zdania na żadne zagadnienie astronomiczne, w tym na heliocentryczny model Wszechświata, skupiając się na sprawach astrologicznych i polemizując z powszechnym przekonaniem, że komety przynoszą nieszczęścia. Z tego powodu nie można nazywać go „astronomem”, lecz raczej „kompilatorem” i „dyletantem”.
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Stanisław Lubieniecki (1623-1675) jako uczestnik res publica litteraria

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Jasiński M.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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2017
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issue 31
191-212
EN
Stanisław Lubieniecki (1623-1675), best known for his work as a historian and theologian of the Polish Brethren, published also the Theatrum cometicum (Amstelodami 1666-1668) devoted to cometary studies. The first volume of that book contains the author’s astronomical correspondence with dozens of more or less renowned scholars of various fields of knowledge. By initiating scientific correspondence, Lubieniecki attempted to act as an intermediary in conveying information in 17th century Res Publica Litteraria. The article explains this activity on the basis of several examples: the issue behind the total number of comets in 1664 and 1665, the phenomenon in the Andromeda Galaxy and Lubieniecki’s correspondence with Henry Oldenburg. It shows how a layman in the world of science seeks to find a place for himself in the republic of scholars.
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Radius mathematicus Joachima Stegmanna

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Jasiński M.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2015
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vol. 60
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issue 3
33–53
EN
Joachim Stegmann the elder (1595–1633), Brandenburg born theologian of the Polish Brethren, was also a mathematician. In this area of his activity, he published a textbook for the Unitarian school in Raków, Institutionum Mathematicarum Libri Duo (Two Books of Mathematical Sciences, Raków 1630), and two works describing multifunctional surveying devices: Circinus Quadrantarius (Quadrant Compass, Berlin 1624) and Radius Mathematicus (Mathematical Walking Stick, Berlin 1626). This paper deals with Stegmann’s Radius Mathematicus, which is a description, or rather a manual, of a walking stick of hexagonal section. Each of its sides was engraved with scales of various surveying devices. There were a cylinder sundial, a scale of quadrant for determining the altitude of Sun, a cross staff, a scala altimetra for determining the height of an object basing on the length of its shadow, a caliber gauge for determining the weight of cannonballs, a length of an ell and a gauging rod for surveying barrels. Some surveys had to be conducted with a separate gnomon. The stick was probably about 130 cm long and the gnomon was about 30 cm long. The paper is followed by a reproduction of Radius Mathematicus from the Gdańsk Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences (call number Sa 1 8° adl. 11) and its Polish translation.
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The Correspondence of Michał Antoni Hacki and Johannes Hevelius

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Jasiński M.
Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce
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2023
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vol. 67
199-230
EN
The article presents the correspondence of Michał Antoni Hacki (ca. 1630– 1703), abbot of the Oliwa monastery, and Johannes Hevelius (1611–1687), astronomer from Gdańsk, which was conducted irregularly between 1654 and 1686. The article discusses elements of the correspondence that supplement the present findings about biographies of both correspondents, including e.g. Hacki’s interests in music and Hevelius’s belief that positional astronomical instruments with telescopes should not be used. Moreover, it presents hitherto unknown circumstances of introducing the constellation of Scutum to honor the King John III and of dedicating to him a book by Hevelius.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia korespondencję opata oliwskiego Michała Antoniego Hackiego (ok. 1630–1703) z gdańskim astronomem Janem Heweliuszem (1611–1687), prowadzoną nieregularnie w latach 1654–1686. Omawia obecne w niej zagadnienia, które uzupełniają dotychczasowe ustalenia dotyczące biografii obu korespondentów, w tym m.in. zainteresowania Hackiego muzyką czy przekonanie Heweliusza o niesłuszności stosowania pozycyjnych instrumentów astronomicznych zaopatrzonych w lunety. Ponadto przedstawia nieznane dotychczas okoliczności wyznaczenia gwiazdozbioru Tarczy ku czci Jana III i dedykowania mu książki Heweliusza.
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Nowa biografia Jana Heweliusza

88%
Jasiński M.
Analecta. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Nauki
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2014
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vol. 23
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issue 2(45)
227-229
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