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DOBOVÉ PARADIGMY V KONTEXTE DEJÍN ÚSTAVU ETNOLÓGIE A SOCIÁLNEJ ANTROPOLÓGIE SAV (1946 - 1989): OD GENERÁCIE ZAKLADATEĽOV PO GENERÁCIU BUDOVATEĽOV

100%
Zachar Podolinská T.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2021
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vol. 69
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issue 1
137 - 165
EN
The aim of this study is to offer a paradigmatic analysis of the development of the discipline – called predominantly “ethnography” and “ethnology” in the 20th century Slovakia – in the background of the history of its development within one of the key institutions in Slovakia where research is conducted – the Institute of Ethnology and Social Anthropology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (IESA SAS). It is extremely interesting in our case how, in a relatively short period of its existence, the institution under study reacted flexibly to changes in the political regimes and discursive paradigms which resulted in system changes. The changes in external settings forced the institution to interact and intervene, which was reflected in different intensities of reorganisation of the internal ecosystem in different periods. On the other hand, it is also possible to observe major resilience which enabled the institution to preserve internal consistency of its processes. In the case of the IESA SAS, we can rather speak of “micro-historical temporalities” (measured approximately over a period of individual decades) in the background of more general longue dureé processes (i.e. long-lasting and global historical changes) in which work teams, specific personalities at leadership positions as well as the external ecosystem were significantly engaged. Within the history of the institution, the study also observes the life and modus operandi of two important generations, denoting them, in terms of the metaphorical discourse, as the generation of founders(1950s and 1960s) and the generation of builders(1970s and 1980s).
2

HOW TO APPROACH (NON)RELIGION AND LABELLING CATEGORIES THAT CONTINUE TO BE FUZZY (THEORETICAL AND NUMERICAL TAKE OFF)

63%
Zachar Podolinská T., Majo J.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2022
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vol. 70
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issue 4
447 - 474
EN
With this kick-off essay we attempt to identify several approaches to the study of non-religion, with a focus on the European and American context. We attempt to outline the difficulties connected with labelling and the uncertain boundaries and multiplicity of interrelations between the spheres of religiosity, spirituality and non-religiosity. Our attention is focused on the social perception of the broader sphere of non-religiosity, with the complexity of the often stereotypical perception of this group. Practical reflections of non-religion are presented through the optics of quantitative data from selected countries and qualitative data, such as a brief outline of ethnographic research conducted in Slovakia in 2019–2021.The main idea of the contribution is to point out that without a redefinition of all labelling categories used to denote the profile of modern religiosity, spirituality and irreligiosity, we can hardly use the term “nones” in the proper sense. To make such a deep reflexive turn, we need to pay attention to qualitative research and focus on multi-sited ethnographies that can shed light on the shadowy places of current research and clarify not only labels but also our knowledge on what religion is and what roles it plays in modern societies.
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