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  1. 7 Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny

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  1. 7 Sheynin O.

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  3. 5 2014

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1
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Graphical least squares method and Gauss

100%
Sheynin O.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2020
|
issue 18 (24)
325-326
2
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Elementary exposition of Gauss’ final justification of least squares

100%
Sheynin O.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2014
|
issue 12(18)
39-47
EN
Legendre was the first to publish the principle of least squares in 1805, this principle was known to Gauss since 1795. But it was Gauss who introduced the method of least squares. He offered its final justification based on the principle of maximum weight (minimal variance) in 1823 and 1828. I begin with a few words about Legendre and Laplace and continue with describing Gauss’ final justification of least squares. It is extremely complicated, but modern authors removed this difficulty. My own exposition (§ 3) is quite elementary and, I think, methodically necessary.
3
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Addendum no. 3 Theory of errors and statistics. Some thoughts about Gauss

100%
Sheynin O.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2014
|
issue 12(18)
53-51
EN
It is explained that the theory of errors is the application of the statistical method to the entire process of measuring physical magnitudes. In particular, the present- -day experimental design and exploratory data analysis can be considered as a branch of the error theory.
4
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Randomness and determinism: why are the planetary orbits elliptical?

100%
Sheynin O.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2014
|
issue 12(18)
57-74
EN
I consider the interpretation of the notion of randomness in natural science from Aristotle to Poincaré, the interrelation between randomness and necessity according to Poincaré and the narrower understanding of randomness in the theory of probability and statistics. Kepler explained the ellipticity of the planetary orbits by random causes and Kant and Laplace largely followed him in spite of Newton who had established that ellipticities depended on the planets’ velocity.
5
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C.F. Gauss and the method of least squares

100%
Sheynin O.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2014
|
issue 12(18)
9-38
EN
Gauss introduced the MLSq and Helmert completed its development whereas Bessel made important discoveries in astronomy and geodesy but was often extremely inattentive. Gauss’ final condition of least variance led to effective estimators of the unknowns sought, jointly effective in case of the normal distribution of the observational errors. Gauss’ memoire of 1823 leads to the principle of least squares much easier than generally thought.
6
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Addendum No. 2 Antistigler

100%
Sheynin O.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2014
|
issue 12(18)
48-52
EN
Stigler is the author of two books (1986; 1999) in which he dared to profane the memory of Gauss. Stigler is considered as the best historian of statistics of the 20th century. This paper contains my critical remarks on his works.
7
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On the history of university statistics

100%
Sheynin O.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2016
|
issue 14 (20)
7-26
EN
The early development of university statistics, or Staatswissenschaft, is briefly sketched, as well as its changing state in the second half of the 19th century, and note that it is still in existence, although in a changed way. In this paper there were also described the work of Karl Fedorovich Gherman (Carl Theodor Hermann) (1809) and a booklet by Christian von Schlözer (1827), the son of A.L. Schlözer.
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