On 29 February 2008, the management of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the scientific editors of 'Archeologia Polski' celebrated officially the 90th birthday of Professor Witold Hensel, longtime director (1954-1989) of what was then the Institute of History of Material Culture (from 1992 the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology) PAN. The special volumes of 'Archeologia Polski' and of 'Slavia Antiqua' were presented to W. Hensel and the meeting continued as a small conference on the ethnogenesis of the Slavs. 2 Figures.
During the discussion at the seminar Professor Witold Hensel indicated the need to consider the ethnogenesis of the Slavs in a context that in the age of Europe's unification it would be not just European, but primarily worldwide. He emphasized the common cultural roots of the European peoples and expressed the opinion that in such discussions ignoring the non-European roots of the Slavs and placing too little importance to the common Indo-European origins of various peoples is a major omission. He also said that the question of historical sources on the Venetians is seldom discussed. Another point made during the discussion was the size of the original area from which the Slavs came in a paleodemographic context; considering the later numbers of Slavs, it is impossible for them to have come from a small territory (Lech Leciejewicz, Stanislaw Tabaczynski), the paleoecological context was also emphasized, the agrarian character of Slav economy excluding the possibility of their original homeland being located in an area not supporting agriculture (Marek Dulinicz). 1 Figure.
Cities all over the world face the challenges of globalisation and other trends in environmental, economic and cultural developments. Among these trends, there is increased competition among cities. As a result, cities seek to differentiate themselves and strive to create a positive image which can be used for promotional purposes. City authorities are fully aware of the fact that in order to make a place attractive, the needs of tourists, investors, and - first and foremost - inhabitants, must be equally catered for. Thus, the objective of this paper is to identify patterns in the selection of city identity markers by municipal governments of Poland's Podlaskie Voivodeship and to investigate the ways in which they are used for image management. Moreover, the authors discuss recommendations for improvements and review the innovations implemented by municipal self-governments.
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