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The following article deals with the idea of culture policy in Poland and the crucial role of the public financing of the culture. The author draws attention to the fact that public money often stimulates different types of pathologies in cultural institutions which results in linking culture with bureaucratic system. There is a key question which the author asks: why should we fund the culture? A major problem in Poland is the lack of universal access to the culture and therefore a priority for the state should be the program of digitization of cultural goods. Furthermore, the author considers the impact of public funding on the quality of the culture and alternative methods of financing such as subsidies for specific projects or crowdfunding.
EN
Innovation is considered to be the crucial element of economic growth. Yet the understanding of innovation is often limited to breakthrough achievements at the forefront of technology. Most innovation indicators are based on counting such achievements – mostly number of patents. Meanwhile most innovations is based on applying existing solutions in new conditions. Many innovations for various reasons cannot be covered by patents. More factors should be taken into consideration while assessing how innovative particular economy is.
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The article to follow discusses the new fixation of today’s world – which is that of being innovative. The problem with innovation is that it is unpredictable. Governments and firms may provide financial support for scientists, but that alone doesn’t guarantee a successful outcome regarding the project. Tomasz Kasprowicz has shown that in Poland the problem lies in the academic mentality. Innovative projects are risky and they don’t always lead to anticipated results. According to the following article, the key to achieving desired outcomes is to create a space for cooperation between scientists instead of limiting their creative genius with such speed bumps as patents and laws.
EN
The author attempts to gauge the value of human life, cleverly starting from the value of the body based around its chemical elements. He advances the calculation by giving the prices of body organs on the black market. Further, the article delivers more advanced economic analysis of the value of human life, comparing wages in dangerous professions and average jobs. The author lays bare the entanglement of the value of our lives in politics. Highlighting the differences between the UK, the US and Poland, he also tackles the issues of medical care and social assurance, revealing hidden contradictions and painting a rather bittersweet picture.
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