The subject of the article is the principle of decentralization. The work contains an analysis of the following: characteristic features of decentralization and its types, as well as decentralization relations. The aim of the work is to identify and name the type of these relations and also to describe their characteristic features, making use of selected examples which occur within the area of local government education.
The subject of this article is the commune in the Republic of Poland and in the Brandenburg Land. A commune is a part of public administration which is based on decentralization. The legal construction of this basic entity of local government was created in view of its self-governance. The main methodology used in this work is based on the textual analysis of legal acts. The aim of the following work is to explain the conceptual meaning of communal self-governance in the aforementioned states and to analyze the comparability range of its concept. In the Brandenburg Land the concept of communal self-governance is built on the basis of self-governance guaranties. These guaranties are analyzed in detail. While in the Brandenburg Land the catalogue of these guaranties is well-known and acceptable, in the Republic of Poland it is still unclear. In order to arrange this issue, a comparable classification of self-governance guaranties in the Republic of Poland was proposed.
Tasks performed by municipalities in the Republic of Poland and in the Brandenburg Land Implementation of public administration is the aim of local government activity, so the local government’s tasks are the quintessential of local government. Municipal is the base of local government. It regulates all local affairs on their own responsibility, within the limits prescribed by the laws. It also performs other delegated tasks. The aim of the following work is to explain the concept of municipal tasks and analyze comparability range of its concept in the Republic of Poland and in the Brandenburg Land. The second subject of this article is analyzing the types of tasks performing by municipalities in aforementioned legal systems.
Early support for child development is a form of targeted and specialized support for a child who has not yet started fulfilling educational obligations. It is implemented in order to stimulate the child’s psychomotor and social development, from the moment of detecting a disability until the child starts school. It is intended to prevent potential future failures in school education. Early support for child development is a conglomerate of public services whose type, scope and frequency of provision are adapted to the needs of a specific child, and take into account their individual limitations. The right to use these services stems from an opinion issued by the adjudicating panel of a public psychological and pedagogical counseling center confirming the child’s need for early development support. The article discusses the legal aspects of the public task of organizing and providing services in the field of early development support. The aim is to explain the meaning of the concept of early support for child development, discuss the legal provisions regulating them and determine the ratio legis of their introduction into the Polish legal system. It also involves identifying intangible services falling within the scope of early support for child development, determines their beneficiaries and identifying the entities providing them. In the context of acquiring the right to use these services, special attention will be paid to the opinion issued on the need to support early child development, in particular, the procedure for its issuance it and its components. In order to achieve the research goals, the dogmatic-legal method will be used, consisting of the analysis and interpretation of the texts of legal acts. Administrative court jurisprudence regarding the subject of the article will also be taken into account to the required extent.
Volunteer fire brigades are fire protection units. They are intended primarily for the fight against fires, natural disasters and other local threats. An important area of their activity is also the organisation and conduct of cultural activities. The aim of the study is to analyze the forms and scope of this activity and to determine its role in the functioning of local government communities.
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