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FIGURATIVE SPEECH AS A REPRESENTATION OF MEANING

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Heller D.

World Literature Studies

2011

vol. 3 (20)

issue 3

62 – 71

Complexity and plasticity of speech is manifested inter alia by the fact that there are not a few speech phenomena that cannot be understood literally. One of the tasks of contemporary psychology of speech and cognitive psychology is to reconstruct the structure and the process of the production and reception of figurative speech. The most important forms of the figurative speech are metaphor and irony. According to the classical rhetoric a metaphor substitutes the actual meant word another whereas the substitutive or comparative theory comprehended a metaphor as an analogy. According to the interaction theory the metaphoric meaning is generated by the mutual incidence of two ideas. As concerns the irony it is similar. The model of the process of understanding the figurative speech assumes first the reception of the literally meaning whose incoherence with the context influences the inference of actually meant (Searle). Gibbs created the contradictory model of “direct access” that assumes understanding the figurative meanings without the regress to literally meanings. Nevertheless, there is still open question left: What happens to the literally meaning in the end of the process of understanding the figurative expression? Neither conception of synchronous being aware of literally and non-literally meaning does not make it possible to explain the emotional and motivational dimensions of esthetical liking, endearment, and favour the research of which often starts from the figurative speech. The author ś contribution focuses on the figurative speech as a representation of meaning.

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1 World Literature Studies

1 Heller D.

1 2011

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FIGURATIVE SPEECH AS A REPRESENTATION OF MEANING