Homicide cases in which the perpetrator succeeds in disposing the body or due to the other factors the investigators are unable to locate the victim’s body, its remains can be referred as the most difficult, due to a large number of practical investigative and evidence-related challenges. However, there have been many cases where the perpetrators were not only identified, but successfully sentenced as well. The prosecution in such cases could succeed on the condition that it would manage to establish an impeccable, logical, and coherent line of events. To handle this task, it must be able to prove beyond reasonable doubt that in light of the evidence gathered in the case, murder is the only possible explanation and the defendant, not the other person, committed (was responsible for) this crime. The author provides an overview on the literature and selected criminal cases to systemize valuable experiences and to lay down some basic principles and valuable recommendations which can contribute to a better understanding of the process of proof in such types of criminal cases, its scope and internal logic.
The Russian procedure of identification of mass disaster victims is based on the present state of knowledge and the employment of state-of-the-art scientific analysis equipment. The Authors analyse legal regulations, concerning the identification of unknown bodies, that are in force in Russia, describe recommendations established by the doctrine regarding the methodology of conducting respective identification procedures, as well as forms and methods of the work organisation of the investigative team in a section describing identification of victims.
PL
Rosyjska procedura identyfikacji ofiar katastrof masowych oparta jest na aktualnie obowiązującym stanie wiedzy z wykorzystaniem najnowszej aparatury badawczej. Autorzy analizują obowiązujące w Rosji przepisy prawne dotyczące identyfikacji nieznanych zwłok, opisują opracowane w doktrynie zalecenia co do metodyki przeprowadzenia poszczególnych czynności identyfikacyjnych oraz form i metod organizacji pracy zespołu śledczego w części dotyczącej identyfikacji ofiar śmiertelnych.
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