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EN
The problem of the „giants’ strongholds” (of sizes often over 50 ha) situated in the early Iron Age in the Ukrainian forest steppe zone is the wealthy Russian and Ukrainian literature. Hitherto, many concepts explaining this phenomenon pursuant to politics (as a response to military threat) as well as to the economy (as a result of social organisation of local tribes) have been suggested. The main source of this discussion comes from the activities of a Polish-Ukrainian research expedition, – „Fortresses of Podolia”. It aims were to recognize and describe the history of strongholds forming the western Podolian settlement concentrating within the Ukrainian forest steppe. This programme is a derivate of the cooperation between the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Institute of Prehistory of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznañ2. Within the programme, researches of a Severinovka stronghold (Winnica district) were conducted in seasons 2009–2011 as a prologue of the project, as well as surface prospections in the area of western Podolia – mainly in the Winnica district. When interpreting the research results one has to examine the problems of strongholds of the „Scythian period”. In this article, which is an introduction to the discussion, the author would like to outline which processes may have led to fortifying the defensive settlements.
EN
The article presents the results of archaeological excavations carried out in 2016 in connection with the construction of the S8 expressway, at Stara Wieś 24 site. As a result of the research, relics of a settlement of the Lusatian Urnfield culture from the Hallstatt period were discovered, which are the subject of this article.
EN
As a result of archaeological research conducted in the years 2010 and 2011, related to reconstruction of Jan Paweł II square in Ciechanów, 11 graves of the Lusatian Culture, dated back to the Bronze Age (the end of the 4th Bronze Age period) were discovered. The Lusatian culture necropolis discovered in the centre of Ciechanów is yet another point of stable settlement of advanced Bronze Age in this part of Mazovia. Its form and characteristics do not differ substantially from standards used on burial grounds of Lusatian culture people in this part of Poland.
EN
The multi-cultural settlement at the site Głazów 8 (AZP 40-09/25), Myślibórz commune, zachodniopomorskie voivodeship, was settled in three periods: towards the end of the Bronze Age, the end of the Hallstatt period and in the La Tène period. Earlier traces of human presence betray a camp character. They are dated to the late Palaeolithic, to Neolithic cultures: the late Linear Pottery culture, the Funnelbeaker culture, the Globular Amphora culture, to Epineolithic cultures: the Corded Ware culture and the Bell-Beaker culture. In turn, since the Early Middle Ages until the early modern period, the area of the site was used for agricultural purposes.
EN
A multicultural settlement was revealed at the site Głazów 2 (AZP 40-09/19), Myślibórz commune, zachodniopomorskie voivodeship. Artefacts and features are dated from the late Palaeolithic, through Neolithic groups of the following cultures: Linear Pottery, late Linear Pottery, Funnelbeaker, Globular Amphora, as well as Lusatian and Jastorf, up to the early modern period. The settlement of the Lusatian culture witnessed the strongest development from the end of the Bronze Age to the beginning of the La Tène period. The later settlement traces hint at the agricultural function of the site area.
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