Search results

1

Philosophical conditions of modernity in science

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2017

|

issue 4

PL

In these remarks I recall the attempts of pointing out the relations between philosophy and modernity in sciences in three distinctively differing point of view, that is the achievements of “the Enlightened Age” (in the sense of Ernst Cassirer), phenomenological philosophy (in the sense of Edmund Husserl) and the classicist conservatism (in the sense of Allan Bloom). In each of these cases an importance of those relations is being acknowledged. However it is not just differently evaluated and justified, but also the diagnoses and forecasts related to it look differently either.

2

Wiara i niewiara w Boga amerykańskich uczonych

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Przegląd Religioznawczy

|

2019

|

issue 2/272

EN

In common views scholars belong to a group of people either non-believing in the existence of God and his creational powers, or at least distancing themselves from several of such beliefs which is shared by the majority of the society. The research in this matter shows that this issue is quite diverse when put into practice, also in such a leading in scientific achievements country like the United States. Although this research confirms that the major part of American scholars is either people declaring their non-faith in God, or at least distancing themselves in a significant way from it, there are many (both in social and natural sciences) of them who accept beliefs which seem to be in a striking contradiction with the knowledge on man and the natural world. One of such people recalled in these remarks is Alvin C. Planting. His argument with Daniel Dennett shows how far the standards of scientific correctness of thought accepted by American scholars might differ.

3

O Kościele katolickim bez namaszczenia

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Przegląd Religioznawczy

|

2018

|

issue 1/267

EN

In these considerations, I refer to examples of such a statement about the Catholic Church without anointing, which is not only a testimony of a lack of faith in his help in achieving salvation, but also a deep conviction that he is aﬀected by serious illnesses. This expression was diﬀerently motivated, and it had and has very diverse consequences – both for those expressing their words and for the addressees. In each case, however, it meant and signifes the specifc votum of the former separatum towards the Catholic Church, and put in the role of complicit all those who, despite revealing serious ills, agree to remain in this community, and even express their tacit acceptance of the irregularities occurring in it.

PL

Kościół katolicki nie jest jedyną instytucją wrażliwą na to, co się o nim mówi oraz jak się o nim mówi. W tym jednak przypadku ma to szczególnie duże znaczenie, bowiem wiąże się nie tylko z budowaniem lub rujnowaniem jego pozycji społecznej, ale także z wiązaniem przez członków tej wspólnoty nadziei na takie życie, które będzie pozbawione nieszczęść i niedogodności tego świata, a mówiąc językiem wierzących – na zbawienie duszy. Stąd formułowana przez Ojców Kościoła (takich jak św. Augustyn czy św. Cyprian) i powtarzana później przez wieki z namaszczeniem zasada: „poza Kościołem nie ma zbawienia”.

4

Scientific authorities of their times

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2018

|

issue 1

PL

In these remarks I make an attempt to understand and present the functioning of authorities in science. I do use in the first place the earlier claims which present this issue in a historical perspective. This allows to grasp the social process of emergence of the authorities as well the changing of their position in the way they are functioning. Especially the thoughts of Max Weber are being considered by my as useful in this matter. I do share his general thesis saying that even the greatest of scientific authorities – called by me in these remarks ”centennial” – couldn't occur and function without their social and cultural ”background”. This had led in large extent to the situation where these authorities fist played a significant role in the development of science and then went over to a more or less dignified ”retirement”. In this and other issues I present some of my own remarks and sugestions.

5

Naturalistyczna opozycja wobec kartezjanizmu

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Filo-Sofija

|

2012

|

vol. 12

|

issue 2(17)

15-25

EN

My aim is to point out the foundations of Descartes’s programmatic antinaturalism, but also the margin left by Descartes in his program for a dialogue with the followers of naturalism. The latter used it more than once, but this opening for a dialogue was interpreted by them as Descartes’s support for naturalism. In my opinion it is not only a false interpretation of the philosopher’s intention, but also a false presentation of his views on human nature and the world that surrounds us.

6

Traditions of criticism and dogmatism

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2008

|

issue 3

EN

The issue of criticism and dogmatism is one of those problems which various sciences contended with in the past and which is difficult to deal with today. It may seem that criticism and dogmatism are completely mutually exclusive, but the history of sciences shows that in the past they constituted two options mutually exclusive in one respect and complementary in the other. I present here such a mutual exclusiveness and complementarity using examples from the area of philosophy and theology. I am convinced, however, that this situation is also present in other disciplines.

7

The Enlightenment period – a continuous source of “light” or the Western world’s spell of fallacies and distortions?

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Człowiek i Społeczeństwo

|

2015

|

vol. 40

197-214

EN

In my reflections I relate to the disputes concerning the philosophical heritage of the Enlightenment period. I refer to the two significantly different positions concerning this issue, that of the liberals and of communitarians. The former tend to have a generally positive attitude towards the achievements of the period, taken to constitute a cultural breakthrough in the thinking of man, his needs and ways of satisfying them. The latter, however, evaluate the period negatively, and even consider it to be an acceleration in the loss of culturally important values and qualities. Both of them assume that an important role in the cultural changes has been played by philosophers – only that the former think it was a positive role, while the latter find it negative.

8

Wstyd ujawniany. Glosa do dyskusji o Kościele katolickim (i nie tylko)

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Przegląd Religioznawczy

|

2018

|

issue 1/267

EN

In these considerations he recalls the statements of those who reveal the occurrence of such embarrassing phenomena as pedophilia or sexual harassment in the Catholic Church. The problem, however, is not only about their occurrence in it, but also about their concealment by those who recognize that making them public can harm more than help this Church. Just like the authors of publications on these negative phenomena, which I cite, I do not share this position.

PL

Niestety, dopóki co, nie wygląda na to, aby hierarchom Kościoła katolickiego w Polsce bardzo zależało na ujawnianiu występujących w nim takich wstydliwych zjawisk jak pedofilia. Jeśli dzisiaj decydują się oni o nich mówić publicznie, to stało się tak m.in. za sprawą głośnych procesów wytoczonych w kilku krajach zachodnich księżom pedofilom oraz pewnych zachęt idących z Rzymu. W tej glosie do tego problemu przywołam przykłady takich osób, którym zależy na ujawnianiu tych wstydliwych zjawisk, a nawet traktują to jako swój moralny obowiązek. Nie są oni wprawdzie liczni, niemniej są dosyć mocno zróżnicowani zawodowo. W tym gronie bowiem znajdują się zarówno naukowcy i dziennikarze, jak i czynni księża katoliccy. Na przeciwnym biegunie znajdują się oczywiście ci, którzy mają swój udział w próbie ich ukrycia.

9

Agnosticism of scholars – selected forms

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2020

|

issue 1

EN

In these remarks I do undertake one more time the attempt to answer the following question: what do agnostics really want? This issue is so complicated that even the agnostics themselves had great trouble in delivering the answer. This is also related to these agnostics, such as the recalled here Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein, and Stephen W. Hawking, who belong to the greatest format of scholars. The agnostics are being distanced from, both the atheists and theists. However they do judge differently their views it is important that as well the first as the latter ones may appreciate what stands behind agnosticism and this might be very variable.

10

Measuring the value of scientific achievements

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2019

|

issue 2

EN

In these considerations, I undertake a polemic with thinking based on the assumption that the value of scientific achievements can be measured with almost mathematical accuracy and give fully reliable point indicators for them. It is not only part of those who introduce the current reform of higher education and science in Poland, but also experts who support them, as well as some representatives of science and natural sciences. This thinking was called point syndrome and expert syndrome. Although it was diagnosed as a manifestation of academic disease a few years ago, it still not only finds its supporters, but also translates into activities, which in some scholars cause astonishment, in others indignation, and still strong opposition in others.

11

Grzechy Watykanu

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Przegląd Religioznawczy

|

2019

|

issue 1/271

PL

In these remarks I make the attempt to highlight a much pointed out in the media problem of the controversial behavior of Christian clergy, including the hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church, as well the popes themselves. I call these sins. It is not – in my opinion – an abuse of the term, because the are a breach of norms and moral rules of that religion (and not only that). Those who commit them know about it and still they do not stop their practices – even despite the fact that one of them belongs to the sins “crying for hevean’s revenge.” Mostly those practices are being hidden before the eyes of others, and if that doesn’t succeed, they are being justified with circumstances they cannot control. It is however discussable how much these justifications are plausible.

12

Max Weber’s “model” of historical research

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2009

|

issue 3

PL

This paper is a voice in the discussion on research procedures, postulated and put into practice by Max Weber. I’m particularly interested in his historical research and the outcomes he gained from it. I see in it some original solutions, including those, which might successfully be put (and they are) many times in modern humanistic research. Some of them, for example weberian modeling (today called “idealization”), became serious theories. By Weber himself this “modeling” is linked more to a research practice of his, then a formulated theory of scientific research. That’s why I use the quotation marks in the title of my paper.

13

Politicizing the universities

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2017

|

issue 2

PL

In the first part of these remarks I recall such examples from the past of the mentioned political agenda that might be a sort of warning for a too far reaching overtaking of higher education institutions by political powers. In the second part, however, I recall contemporary ways and forms of political agenda, which I call “velvet” revolutions and I also see them as threat to fulfill by universities their social missions. The remarks and evaluations formulated by me at the end are certainly not to be considered. These remarks are being treated by me as a voice in the discussion on the issue how much politics might be or has to be in the life of universities, what kind of politics do any good to them and what kind brings more damage.

14

Enlightenment faith in human creative capacities

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Człowiek i Społeczeństwo

|

2016

|

vol. 41

7-25

EN

In this article I present an argument for the thesis that one of the most significant revaluations of the Enlightenment was the creation and popularization of faith in the effective shaping of fate by man himself. In every example the Enlightenment had been referring to the creative possibilities of human reason. However, major differences occurred in understanding this very reason and its application in the praxis between the main representatives of the period. In my remarks I recall just a few of selected representatives of the English, Scottish and French enlightenment philosophy. The broadening of that list with other names, including the representatives of other nations, would allow probably to present much more diversified variants of this Enlightenment faith which since that period is a specific distinguishing mark of modernity.

15

Luki pojęciowe w systemie kartezjańskim

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Roczniki Filozoficzne

|

2015

|

vol. 63

|

issue 1

13-27

PL

W artykule tym autor wskazuje zarówno na określone luki pojęciowe w systemie kartezjańskim, jak i wyjaśnia potrzebę wypełnienia tych luk - w przekonaniu autora może się to przyczynić zarówno do większej jasności wypowiedzi Kartezjusza, jak i do ich większej spójności logicznej. Szczegółowo analizuje jedynie dwa z takich pojęć, tj. metodyki i metodologii. Oba mają charakter kategorialny, ale pierwsze z nich jest ogólniejsze niż drugie. Krótko rzecz ujmując, metodyka dotyczyć może zarówno zasad poznawczych, jak i moralnych, wyznaniowych i innych jeszcze, natomiast metodologia tych reguł, które są zalecane i stosowane w którymś z tych obszarów problemowych. Autor przyjmuje również, że z metodyką mamy do czynienia wówczas, gdy mowa jest o czynnościach przygotowawczych do intelektualnego wkroczenia na każdy z tych obszarów myślenia i praktycznego postępowania i poszukujemy tych racji, które sprawiają, żc to myślenie i postępowanie staje się racjonalne. Natomiast z metodologią mamy do czynienia wówczas, gdy już znajdujemy się na którymś z tych obszarów i zmierzamy - w sposób racjonalnie zaplanowany - do wytyczonych na nim celów.

EN

The aim of this article is to point out the conceptual gaps in the Cartesian system as well as to explain the need to fill in those gaps. In author’s opinion, this might contribute to a greater clarity and logical coherence of Descartes’s thought. The Author analyses in detail only two of such terms: methodics and methodology. Both of them have a categorial character, but the first one is more general than the other. Briefly, methodics refers to cognitive, moral, religious and other rules, while methodology refers to those rules which are recommended and applied within the aforementioned areas. The Author also assumes that we have to do with methodics when we prepare ourselves to intellectually enter each of those areas of thought and practical conduct and when we seek those reasons which make our thought and action rational. On the other hand, we have to do with methodology when we are in one of those areas and are heading for—in a rationally planned manner—the goals set in it.

16

Scientist – a profession or a mission?

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Nauka

|

2009

|

issue 4

PL

In this article I present a concept of profession as a mission, which was formulated by Max Weber at the beginning of the past century. It has been put by Weber in such a vision of a capitalist society, that emerges (after various ages of “transformations”) as a “greatest power” in the modern world, that is capitalism. Weber had no doubts about capitalism as a greatest modern power and he saw its major force in the rationalization of economics and human relations. On the other hand, he was very full if doubts regarding the issue of attitudes, behavior and actions of scientists. He wasn’t quite sure in the question if we might speak about their calling in the same sense as about the calling of a capitalist businessman or worker. He certainly was aware, that there do exist such “young researchers”, who think and act like they would be an integral part of the capitalist “machine”, but he also made certain reservations. The changes, which occurred later on at many higher education institutions, made this objection valid in many points. Nevertheless it is difficult to find such solutions, which would allow simultaneously to keep the traditional unique character of the world of academics and to fulfill the realization of tasks, which nowadays are being addressed towards the scientifical society from various social groups. This I attempt to show in the last part of this article.

17

Akademickie batalie. Tradycje i współczesność

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Człowiek i Społeczeństwo

|

2021

|

vol. 52

25-44

EN

In these remarks I make the attempt to sketch a battle which in the time span of many centuries had been led by the academic community with the internal and external threats. The first ones included (and still do in large extent) among others interfering in the conducted scientific research by the Church authorities. The latter ones on the other hand included crossing the boundary of science and stepping into the territory infested by all sorts of pseudoscience. Although I recall here just the example of such pseudoscience such as alchemy, but nevertheless it shows well how hard it was and still is for scholars to set these boundaries and not to cross them. In the end of the paper I formulate certain general remarks and suggestions related to the issues tackled in the text.

18

W obronie nauk europejskich i miejsca w nich filozofii

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Człowiek i Społeczeństwo

|

2015

|

vol. 39

31-47

EN

The need for defending European sciences of attempts to imposing onto them American patterns of functioning is for me an obvious matter. This threat occurred already in the first decades of the last century (these were pointed out among others by Max Weber). Since then this process of americanization (called today implementing of the Bologna process) has increased, finding support within ministerial assemblies, deciding on the directions of development of these sciences, as well among scholars who’s research might be easily translated into practical applications. I do not claim that such research is not important for the progress of science. I do claim however that recognizing this research as the only one that matters and supporting them practically (for example through granting them a larger part of financial means) and depriving of the so called “philosophical core” is not just making them shallow but also an evidence for not understanding what science was, is and should be. I support my claims in this matter through the opinions of Edmund Husserl and Allan Bloom.

19

Voltaire’s Radicalism

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Diametros

|

2014

|

issue 40

5-21

EN

This article reminds the reader of the views of Voltaire, one of the most prominent and influential philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment. Voltaire’s radicalism manifested itself mainly in anticlericalism which was consistent, uncompromising and voiced without mincing words. A general aim of this article is to demonstrate to his contemporary imitators, who can be found in different countries including Poland, that they are in fact more or less accurate copies of him and they are not always aware of whom they imitate and what value this imitation has. Perhaps this article can make them, if not more restrained in their statements and practical actions, at least more self-critical and taking into account what is expressed in public discourse.

20

Kultura słowa w dyskursie publicznym. Tradycje i współczesność

100%

Drozdowicz Z.

Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW

|

2012

|

issue 2

9-22

EN

A specific characteristic of European culture is its attachment to the written and spoken language. One of its most important functions should be bringing together people of different confessions, views, motivations and styles of living and being. In this article I attempt to present, that in public discourse words had both - an integrative and disintegrative functions. Which one had a primary role in a particular time and place was significantly influenced by clerical and anticlerical forces. Especially this antagonism is being reflected on the public discourse in countries, where one of the Christian churches plays a leading role. Poland is one of such countries.

Refine search results

Philosophical conditions of modernity in science

Wiara i niewiara w Boga amerykańskich uczonych

O Kościele katolickim bez namaszczenia

Scientific authorities of their times

Naturalistyczna opozycja wobec kartezjanizmu

Traditions of criticism and dogmatism

The Enlightenment period – a continuous source of “light” or the Western world’s spell of fallacies and distortions?

Wstyd ujawniany. Glosa do dyskusji o Kościele katolickim (i nie tylko)

Agnosticism of scholars – selected forms

Measuring the value of scientific achievements

Grzechy Watykanu

Max Weber’s “model” of historical research

Politicizing the universities

Enlightenment faith in human creative capacities

Luki pojęciowe w systemie kartezjańskim

Scientist – a profession or a mission?

Akademickie batalie. Tradycje i współczesność

W obronie nauk europejskich i miejsca w nich filozofii

Voltaire’s Radicalism

Kultura słowa w dyskursie publicznym. Tradycje i współczesność