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Bóg spoza nawiasu egzystencji. Max Scheler – mistyka czy fenomenologia aktowego zjednoczenia?

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Brejdak J.

ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal

2016

vol. Tom: 6

issue Numer: 2

283-298

This article presents in the first part the concept of Schelerian phenomenology of religion and claims that pre‐phenomenon of Holiness could not be take in the bracket of existence as usual because the religious act raised by Holiness itself is an heteronomic act of God‐Holiness realized in the man and giving evidence of the existence of its Reasoner. In the second part of this article two types of unity are presented: unity due to joint feeling with others (unmittelbares Mitfühlen — “Two parents stand beside the dead body of a beloved child”) and unity due to co‐operation of personal acts (Mitvollzug — “I live, yet not I, but Christ in me”). This two types of unities present the Other in a primordial way, which launched several criticism against Max Scheler’s mysticism. Phenomenology of act and mysticism seems to merge together in one point, calling Maieutic Birth, a their method becomes enactment of meaning (Vollzugstheorie der Bedeutung — Karl Friedrich Gethmann).

U źródeł odpowiedzialności: Max Scheler - Dietrich Bonhoeffer: próba porównania

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Brejdak J.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

2022

vol. 50

issue 1-4

21-43

Responsibility is a pillar of Max Scheler's ethical personalism, visible in all dimensions of his rich thought: anthropological, sociological, ethical, and philosophico-religious. It was also an important inspiration for Dietrich Bonhoeffer, as the author of Sanctorum Communio confessed. Responsibility and co-responsibility become the pathos of the process of reality’s becoming, with human participation, in the face of the absent Christ or the powerless god. In this essay, I try to compare the concepts of Scheler's “collective person” (Gesamtperson) and Bonhoeffer's “congregation”. For the author of Formalism in the Ethis and material Value Ethics, the collective person becomes a kind of proof of the existence of God; for the author of Sanctorum Communio, in turn, the congregation becomes Christ. The ethics of the model person, analyzed thoroughly by Scheler as the process of self-identification on the three levels of ens amans, volens and cogitans, seem to be correlated with the very process of being in the stead of Christ, i.e. substitution. But even with the many fundamental points of contact between these concepts, we need to note the criticism that Bonhoeffer directed at Scheler and the core of Scheler's emotional analysis, i.e., the act of love itself.

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1 ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal

1 Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

2 Brejdak J.

1 2022

1 2016

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Bóg spoza nawiasu egzystencji. Max Scheler – mistyka czy fenomenologia aktowego zjednoczenia?

U źródeł odpowiedzialności: Max Scheler - Dietrich Bonhoeffer: próba porównania