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Czy można „przepisać” polskie oświecenie?

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Wójtowicz W.

Świat Tekstów. Rocznik Słupski

2007

vol. 5

35-52

In my paper I would like to point out three issues in Polish literature and culture of the 18th century. They are as follows: arcadianism, sarmatianism (based on the example of Franciszek Dionizy Kniaźnin’s works) and the transformation of the idea or conception of nature. In the era of Stanisław August Poniatowski, besides classicism, one should note the arcadian-sentimental movement, significant for the aristocracy, such as the Lubomirskis, Czartoryskis, but also vibrant among the middle-class nobility. However, in the context of the counter-enlightenment I would emphasize the du-rability of sarmatian ideology and its role in Polish culture. The crisis of the enlight-enment, but also of the elite’s outlook, especially concerning religion, formed and influenced conservative ideology. For example, the past-partition tendency to the sarmatianisation of religion, underlining the role of messianic and providential aspects together with the revived myth of bulwark of Christendom or the model of Christian knight, especially in Jan Paweł Woronicz’s works is well-known. I discuss this issue using the example of the early works of Franciszek Dionizy Kniaźnin. In 18th century thought within the framework of paradigm of wholeness (Arthur Lovejoy) one can point out several models of holistic world view. Holistic-organic threads are taken up by Adam Naruszewicz in “Szczęśliwość”/Happiness”, (in which he paraphrases Johann Petera Uz’s “Die Glückseligkeit” from the 1750’s). Holistic-mechanistic threads are present in the ode “O powinności człowieka w towarzystwie ludzkim” (“On the duties of man in human society”). In the third part of my presentation I stress the role of the transformation of the paradigm of the mechanistic explanation of nature, typical for the 17th and the first half of the 18th centuries. Criticism of the mechanistic tendencies in 18th century natural science will contribute to rise of the “romantic philosophy of nature”. Expressing the wholeness of reality in terms of a living cosmic organism, stimulated by organic energy, will become the key idea.

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1 Świat Tekstów. Rocznik Słupski

1 Wójtowicz W.

1 2007

Search results

Czy można „przepisać” polskie oświecenie?