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The Language Shift from the Middle and Upper Middle-Class Families in the Kapampangan Speaking Region

100%
Gutierrez A. T.
Language, Discourse & Society
|
2022
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vol. 10
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issue 2
49-61
EN
The language shift among middle and upper-middle-class families in Kapampangan-speaking communities was the focus of this study. The tool consists of the following: (a) an interview guide containing items related to the languages they used at home, with friends, and content about their parents’ race; (b) a wordlist containing specific words from Kapampangan liturgical prayers to determine whether there is an evolution of words in the Kapampangan language; and (c) data were interpreted using Fishman’s Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS). The data of the study were taken from the 63 Catholic Kapampangan informants, regardless of sex, must be native of the city or town in the province of Pampanga, and nearby Kapampangan-speaking provinces, with an age bracket of 18-21 years old. Findings reveal that some Kapampangan words are in great danger. Unknowingly, little by little, Kapampangan people are shifting their language to a mixture of Tagalog and English. The attitude of using and choosing English and Tagalog as the languages at home instead of the Kapampangan significantly contributed to the language shift. The established Kapampangan language clashed with westernized trends and modern society. It was also pushed out slowly by intermarriage, technology, globalization, modernization, mass movements, and politics, which added up to losing Kapampangans’ unique identity. Finally, some words used in Catholic liturgical prayers should be updated since some words are not familiar anymore to the younger generation.
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The Changing Landscape of Kapampangan Vocabularies: A Diachronic Analysis

100%
Gutierrez A. T.
Research in Language
|
2024
|
vol. 22
|
issue 2
142-162
EN
The study examined the evolution of the Kapampangan language over time through the use of historical texts, dictionaries, and linguistic tools, such as interview guides and word lists. Data were taken from 62 informants in 31 towns in the Kapampangan-speaking region; the provinces of Pampanga, Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, Bulacan and Bataan were included in the study. Elders who were 60 years old and above, and young adults aged 17-30 years old were the main sources of information for the study. One criterion was that the participants must be native Kapampangans, meaning they were born, grew up, and currently live in the province where Kapampangan is spoken. It compared the collected data from the past to the present day. The study also examined the impact of industrial and technological advancements on language evolution. The study revealed that the Kapampangan language has been influenced by Tagalog due to its geographical proximity, and most of the younger generation has adopted this change, assimilating elements of Tagalog. In addition, social media and technological innovations have contributed to this trend.
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