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The Question about Public Policy in Case of the Kaliningrad Oblast: Russian Exclave vs. Enclave Surrounded by the European Union

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Dudzińska K., Raś M., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Urbański D., Piechowiak-Lamparska J., Bryc A., Bojarczyk B., Jorgensen F. A. E., Niedziołka D., Pacześniak A., Potorski R., Wincławska M., Włodkowska-Bagan A., Jeran A., Mol A., Solsbery A., Dąbrowska I., Głodkowski M., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Piechowiak-Lamparska J.
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
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2014
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issue 2 (6)
PL
The problem of enclaves/enclaves in the theory of IR opens an interesting field of study, not only because of the actual phenomena and processes accompanying the formation of said entities, but also due to inaccuracies and variances in the very terms in use, especially in the field of public policy. The Kaliningrad Oblast is either an enclave (from the point of view of the EU, NATO, as well as Poland and Lithuania), or an exclave (from the point of view of the Russian Federation). The status of the region as perceived by the Western countries and organisations differs from the Russian standpoint. The Kaliningrad Oblast always would be a region of external influences of the West, an element of their foreign, security and economic policies, while for Russia Kaliningrad is a sphere of its domestic governance, although shaped by many international determinants resulting from its geographical location. This paper is aimed at examining public policy of the EU and neighbouring countries towards the Kaliningrad Oblast in the context of its specific geographical location and legal status. Possibilities of the region’s incorporation in the EU’s neighbourhood is also emphasized in the paper as an important factor affecting the position of the Kaliningrad Oblast.
2
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The Development of Lithuanian Statehood in Years 1918–1940

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Runiewicz-Jasińska R., Dudzińska K.
Polish Political Science Yearbook
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2007
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vol. 36
233-254
EN
The Lithuanian historiography is not a novelty in Polish academic literature. The attempts undertaken many times by historians to examine the Lithuanian past are fully justified by the common history of the Polish and Lithuanian lands. It is worth stressing that there are still many controversial questions in this area, which have not been answered in both Lithuanian and Polish academic circles. Taking into account the basic facts from Lithuanian history in the 20th century, when Lithuanians undertook the first actions towards developing a state which would be officially recognized by the international community, it should not be surprising that it is a subject frequently discussed by the newest studies, which continually refer to the equally rich literature of the earlier period. The researchers ascribe considerable significance to the circumstances, in which the independent Lithuanian state came into being and to its functioning in the interwar period, in years 1918–1940 . What also had a strong influence on this process were the following events in the history of the state, when Lithuania was in the end incorporated into the Soviet Union.
3
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Wynagrodzenia pielęgniarek w świetle przepisów prawa w latach 2015–2022 – obserwacje praktyczne

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Dudzińska K., Lipowski P.
Sztuka Leczenia
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2024
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vol. 39
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issue 1
63-76
EN
This paper discusses the issue of the development of nursing staff ’s salaries employed in healthcare institutions in the years 2015–20222. The aim of the study was to analyze the changes in legal regulations taking place during this period and to point out the problem of interpreting these regulations, which is inherent to determining nurses’ salary in healthcare institutions. The article indicates problems and differences resulting from the arbitrary interpretation of legal provisions in this area. The issue is presented from the legal and managerial perspective on health care; also based on the authors’ own observations resulting from scientific work and professional experience.
PL
Praca porusza problematykę kształtowania się wynagrodzeń personelu pielęgniarskiego w podmiotach leczniczych w latach 2015–20221. Celem pracy było dokonanie analizy zachodzących w tym okresie zmian w przepisach prawa oraz zwrócenie uwagi na problem interpretacji tych przepisów, implikujący in concreto ustalanie wynagrodzeń pielęgniarek w podmiotach leczniczych. W artykule wskazano problemy i różnice wynikające z dowolności wykładni przepisów prawa w tym zakresie. Zagadnienie prezentowane jest z perspektywy prawnej oraz zarządzania w ochronie zdrowia, oparte na obserwacjach własnych autorów, wynikających z ich pracy naukowej oraz doświadczeń zawodowych.
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