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PL
Funkcje realizowane przez polskie placówki konsularne w latach 1945–1949 (poza rutynowymi administracyjno-urzędowymi) były warunkowane powojenną sytuacją, brakami kadrowymi oraz celami polityki zagranicznej wyznaczonymi przez kierownictwo partii komunistycznej. W omawianym okresie polegały one na prowadzeniu akcji opiekuńczej wobec polskich obywateli, repatriacji i reemigracji, rejestracji szkód wojennych oraz działaniach mających na celu pozyskanie Polonii (często przy wykorzystaniu propagandy skierowanej przeciwko władzom polskim w Londynie). Pomimo oczywistego wpływu władz komunistycznych na struktury i formy pracy urzędów konsularnych RP, warto wspomnieć także o pozytywnych stronach ich działalności w okresie tak trudnym. Do nich niewątpliwie należą pomoc tysiącom Polaków w powrocie do kraju, w uzyskaniu rent, emerytur, odszkodowań, spadków czy wreszcie działania na rzecz poszukiwania osób zaginionych w czasie wojny. Pierwszy, omawiany okres powojennej działalności polskich urzędów konsularnych charakteryzował się także wysokim stopniem zaangażowania w sprawy opieki nad polskim obywatelami w krajach socjalistycznych, z czasem tracąc z pola widzenie tę najstarszą funkcję konsulatów. Fakt ten, jak i ograniczenie gospodarczych i handlowych funkcji konsula, był efektem wprowadzania wzorców radzieckich do organizacji polskiej służby zagranicznej po II wojnie światowej. Organization and functioning of the Polish consular service in 1945–1949Functions performed by Polish consular posts in 1945–1949 (apart from standard administrative and official ones) were conditioned by the post-war situation, staff shortage, and by goals of foreign policy set by the leaders of the communist party. In the analysed period they consisted in caring for Polish citizens, repatriation and re-emigration operations, registration of war damages, and actions aiming at gaining the Polonia (often with the use of propaganda against the Polish governments in London). It is worthy of notice that, despite obvious influence of the communist authorities on the structures and forms of work of Polish consular offices at that time, there were also some positive aspects of their operations, such as, undoubtedly, their help to thousands of Poles in coming back to Poland, in getting old-age or disability pensions, compensations, inheritances, or their actions on behalf of searching people who went missing during the war. The initial years of the analysed period of post-war operations of Polish consular offices were characterised also by a strong commitment to the problems of assistance for Polish citizens in socialist countries, but with the lapse of time this function of consulates was becoming less and less important. This, together with some limitations of economic and commercial functions of the consul, resulted from the introduction of Soviet models into the structure of Polish foreign services after the World War Second.
EN
Political relations between Warsaw and Prague in 1989 were influenced by the disproportion between the rate of the systemic changes taking place in both countries and the critical stance of the KSČ leadership towards the changes taking place in Poland. The negative assessment of the decision to convene the Round Table talks, the capitulating attitude of the PZPR, which de facto agreed to abandon the principles of socialism in the economy and accepted the strengthening of the Solidarity opposition, influenced the reduction of official political contacts, especially in the second half of 1989. This also applied to cooperation between social organisations, especially youth organisations, cultural cooperation and individual border traffic. All these issues were perceived by PLR diplomats making attempts to counteract the isolation by party activists of various levels and trying to counteract the unfavourable presentation of Poland in the Czechoslovak media and supporting their citizens subjected to persecution by Czechoslovak border guards
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