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Študijné zvesti
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2023
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vol. 70
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issue 1
49 – 69
EN
In this article, we deal with the evaluation of finds of La Tène militaria – weapons and fighter equipment from the Pohanská hillfort in Plavecké Podhradie, which lies in the Small Carpathians. These objects as part of iron objects hoards are found here. They are mainly the points of lances, spears, as well as swords with scabbards with an “S”-shaped clip. In addition, there are decorative cases for knife sheathes. An important part of the finds is composed of parts of horse tackle in the form of curb bits and their components, spurs also appear. The La Téne hillfort Pohanská is dated to the period of the end of the middle and the beginning of the late La Tène LTC2 – LTD1a. As well as this site, new finds of weapons have appeared in the Small Carpathians in the form of an extremely long lance from Pezinok and the fragment of a sword from Smolenice-Molpír, where the settlement is contemporary with that of Plavecké Podhradie-Pohanská.
EN
Occurrence of weapons in late LaTène period is very sporadic in the area of south-west Slovakia. There are very occasional or lost findings. Spearheads with facetted socket and middle rib are appearing there. Rarely, blades of Celtic swords are appearing as well. These are from the findings from the area of mountain chain Small Carpathia and its fore field. Dating of these weapons falls under the late LaTène period, LTC2–LTD2 and Roman period.
Studia Hercynia
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2020
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vol. 24
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issue 2
155-163
EN
In this paper, we deal with the evaluation of the finds of decorative iron knife scabbard chapes from the Pohanská fortified hill fort in Plavecké Podhradie (SW Slovakia). The occurrence of this type of chape is documented at the end of the Middle and the beginning of the Late La Tène period in the oppida of Southern Germany, Bohemia, and Moravia. The area of south -western Slovakia, in particular the Záhorie region, to which the Pohanská site belongs, was an intrinsic part of this area in the La Tène period. Based on accompanying finds, as well as the chronology of the site, we can date these objects to the period of the end of the Middle and the beginning of the Late La Tène periods LT C2–LT D1a.
EN
The medieval settlement of today’s Sládkovičovo (Hun. Diószeg, Ger. Diosek) is documented in several positions. During the archaeological rescue excavation in the Malý Diosek location, we discovered medieval settlement features that are likely to be related to economical and pyrotechnical activity. According to the findings, it is possible to date the settlement back to the period between the second half of the 12th and the second half of the 14th century.
EN
Several sites with rich findings are known from the area of the Púchov culture with a wide range of findings. They include a mass finding from the central Považie region, from the hitherto little-known site of Podskalie, on the flank of the Veľké skaly hill in the district of Považská Bystrica. It contains two examples of a hitherto unknown, new type of belt hook, a belt ornament and a pseudo-filigree basket amulet. A key, lock spring, cramp irons and two knives were also found. Several Celtic coins in circulation on the territory of the Púchov culture also come from this site, namely the Divinka, Nitra, Veľký Bysterec types, the Slovak or Kolačno type, the Liptovská Mara and Simmering types. The hoard and the coins date the site to the late La Tène period LTD.
EN
Paper deals with a hoard of three bronze spiral rings passed to the collection of the SNM-Archaeological museum in Bratislava in 2004. They were found on the Záruby, the highest peak and the dominant of the Little Carpathians, in the cadastral district of Buková and Smolenice. The alleged location of the hoard almost on the top of the hill might point to the possibility of its ritual deposition. The spiral bracelets made of bronze wire with decorated ends date to the stage HD.
EN
The present article is a processing of the finds of a La Tène period feature from Vienna III-Landstraße (Palais Rasumofsky). On the 8th August 2011, excavation work began in the inner courtyard of the Palais Rasumofsky (Vienna III, Landstraße) due to the planned construction of an underground car park. During the work on the following days, extensive remains of a cellar in the north-eastern part of the area came to light. In addition, a fragment of pottery from the La Tène period was recovered from the excavated material. The subsequently excavated object was a so-called ‘sunken hut’ disturbed by walls on the northwest and southwest sides. It was preserved in a dimension of 2.5 by 2.3 m and contained six post pits. The maximum depth of the pit was 0.8 m. The findings contain mainly of pottery, composed of broken pieces of vessels decorated with comb lines, undecorated pieces and a few painted pieces, mainly in the form of pots, bowls and individual pieces such as a lid and a tripod vessel. The finding of two spindle whorls made of pottery is worth mentioning. In addition to pottery, the find material from the pit house included animal bones and a small number of iron and non-ferrous metal objects. Among the pottery, pots with thickened club rims and those with bottom marks stand out. The material dates to the Late La Tène period (LTD2) and can be compared well with that from Bratislava-Castle.
EN
Between 1927 and 1990, the Pohanská hillfort in Plavecké Podhradie was repeatedly surveyed and examined using probes. After 2019, the results of laser scanning provided fundamentally more precise information on the shapes of the terrain and the course of the rampart. As a result of illegal activities, four mass finds were added to the collection: three composed of bronze artefacts and one of gold artefacts. The new finds confirm that the main period of settlement in this site in the Bronze Age was the middle and later urn field period, HA2–HB1.
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Kadlub na odlievanie záveskov z Tekovských Lužian

51%
EN
The contribution presents a casting mould made of greywacke sandstone for spear-shaped pendants, found in Tekovské Lužany on the surface of a low plateau. The artefact analysis and regional spread of archaeological cultures suggest that the mould was created in the Middle or Late Bronze Age.
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Súbor nálezov z hradu Teplica

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EN
The Teplica castle near the village of Sklené Teplice is one of the less known medieval castles in the central Pohronie region. So far it hasn’t been the subject of thorough archaeological excavations, but we just have some finds from conducted survey. Its origin presumably dates back to 13th or 14th century, although there are no genuine written sources confirming it. The castle was most intensively inhabited notably in the second half of the 15th century, as documented from original sources dating back to that period. Back then it was under the control of the Brotherhood (Hussite warriors) led by Ján Jiskra of Brandýs. It is confirmed also by archaeological and numismatic finds, incl. the late Gothic seal presented in this paper. The castle started to lose its importance at the beginning of the 16th century and it got extinct in the second half of the 16th century.
EN
The paper presents the application of non-destructive methods on the Tvrdošovce site. The goal of the paper is to inform about the latest results of a non-destructive survey at the Včelíny site in the village of Tvrdošovce. The case study of this site aims to present a combination of various non-destructive methods such as geophysical survey, LiDAR, aerial, and satellite photos with a subsequent comparison with features that previously underwent a process of archaeological excavation. This polycultural site has primarily the character of a settlement. Based on metal prospection, the largest settlement scope may be dated to the Roman period; based on archaeological excavation, the largest period of the settlement may be the middle La Tène period in LTB2/LTC1 and LTC2. An archaeological excavation was performed on the site from 2017 to 2019. Prior to this, an intense surface prospecting using metal detectors had been carried out on this site since 2015. This prospection showed significant Roman, and, to a lesser extent, Bronze Age, Hallstatt, La Tène, and Middle Age settlements. In addition, two geophysical surveys were carried out here in 2017 and 2022. Non-destructive methods are often considered ineffective in the case of lowland sites. Nevertheless, we will try to present a successful example of a combination of these different approaches in the presented article.
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Nové zistenia k stredovekému meču z Gajár

45%
EN
One-handed sword from the site Posádka near Gajary was found during dam construction at the Morava River and originally was associated with a Hussite fortress from the mid-15th century that protected a ford across the river. The sword was documented using X-ray imaging, the blade to XRF analysis and metallographic analysis. The blade bears two marks – a Calvary cross and a floral motif – of inlaid brass. Metallographic analysis of the blade showed that its makeup was that of a soft core wrapped in a steel coat. The sword production process was experimentally reconstructed. Based on period iconographical sources, the sword is being dated to the second half of the 13th century. It is likely a relic of the Battle on the Marchfeld, between King Ottokar II of Bohemia and Roman Emperor Rudolph I Habsburg that took place on August 26 1278.
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Žiarové pohrebisko z doby rímskej v Závode

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EN
In 2017, in Závod (district of Malacky) during forestry works a destroyed Germanic burial ground dated to the Roman period was found. On the basis of topographical data and composition of finds, it is possible, to identify this burial ground with that mentioned by E. Beninger. The numerous imports from Roman provinces, from areas north of the Carpathian Mountain and Elbe area region, show intensive multiregional contacts held by the local community. There is an ongoing discussion whether this is a proof of extensive trade, cultural influence or ethnic transfers. The burial ground dates back to a period comprised between the last third of the 1 st century and the 4th century.
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