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EN
The phenomenon of suburbanization is one of the most important events that shape the socio-economic Polish at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The article attempts to assess the impact of urban sprawl on commune revenues of their share in income tax from individuals. The analysis was conducted for the years 2003–2008. Study area was functional urban zones of twelve biggest Polish metropolitan cities. It has been confirmed that relationship between indicators of socioeconomic development, that can be linked to suburbanization, has a statistical importance. However, it should be noted that it was expected the positive correlation between net migration into communes and revenues from PIT, and in fact relation was inversely proportional. It suggest that suburbanization lower commune revenues from income tax. It could be probably explain to a large extent by impact of Polish legal regulations on the distribution of income from tax.
PL
Suburbanizacja jest jednym z ważniejszych zjawisk kształtujących przestrzeń społeczno-gospodarczą Polski na początku XXI w. Celem artykułu jest próba oceny wpływu suburbanizacji, zachodzącej wokół wielkich miast Polski, na dochody gmin z tytułu udziału w podatku dochodowym od osób fizycznych. Oceny tej dokonano za pomocą metod regresji liniowej. Analiza dotyczy lat 2003–2008. Potwierdzone zostało powiązanie dochodów z tego źródła z wielkością napływu ludności na tereny podmiejskie oraz z innymi wskaźnikami rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego tych obszarów. Podkreślić jednak należy, że osiągnięte wyniki są w znacznej mierze efektem obowiązujących regulacji prawnych w zakresie podziału dochodów podatkowych na poziomie lokalnym.
EN
The article attempts to explore the relationship between the level of spatial deconcentration and the level of spatial inequality in the budgets of communes found within the boundaries of functional areas of large cities in Poland. The study was conducted for twelve major cities indentified in The N ational Spatial Development Plan for 2030. C ities included in the survey are : Warsaw, C racow, Tricity ( Gdańsk, Sopot, Gdynia ), Łódź, Wrocław, Poznań, Szczecin, Lublin, Rzeszów, Białystok, Bydgoszcz and Toruń. The study covers the period from 2001 to 2010. The analysis was conducted at the commune level and concerned different categories of commune revenues and expenditures. The level of spatial concentration was measured by using two indicators : standard distance and the Gini index calculated in relation to the area of communes. Spatial inequality was measured by the Gini index in relation to the number of inhabitants. A correlation has been identified for the following categories : current expenditures, expenditures on transportation and communication, health expenditures, personal income tax appropriated for communes, and various subsidies from the national budget. The research results confirm the influence of the spatial deconcentration of commune budgets at the level of spatial inequality. However, this is true only for selected budget categories, while no clear relationships were noted for other categories. The analysis of the above mentioned relationships shows significant differentiation in the types of impact of spatial deconcentration on the level of inequality between communes within functional areas.
EN
The article presents the labor market situation in western Poland and East Germany and its demographic determinants during the first years after the Polish accession to the European Union. The differences in functioning of the labor market and demographic situation in metropolitan and peripherial areas was shown forWest Poland and East Germany. Polish side of the border was characterized by higher levels of unemployment, lower wage and productivity levels combined with a better demographic situation, faster growth in jobs and GDP. This reflects the reduction of disparities in economic development on the German-Polish border and the transmission of economic activity on the Polish side.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono sytuację na rynku pracy w zachodniej Polsce i wschodnich Niemczech oraz jego demograficzne uwarunkowania w okresie po wejściu Polski do Unii Europejskiej.Wskazano na różnice w funkcjonowaniu rynku pracy oraz sytuacji demograficznej obszarów wielkomiejskich i peryferyjnych w zachodniej Polsce i wschodnich Niemczech. Polska strona pogranicza charakteryzowała się wyższym poziomem bezrobocia, niższym poziomem płac oraz produktywności, a także lepszą sytuacją demograficzną, szybszym wzrostem liczby miejsc pracy oraz PKB. Świadczy to o zmniejszaniu się różnic w poziomie rozwoju gospodarczego na pograniczu polsko-niemieckim oraz przenoszeniu działalności gospodarczej na stronę polską.
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