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1

A. Vrij, Wykrywanie kłamstw i oszukiwania. Psychologia kłamania i konsekwencje dla praktyki zawodowej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2009; A. Vrij, Detecting Lies and Deceit: Pitfalls and Opportunities, Second Edition, Wiley Series in the Psychology of Crime, Policing and Law, John Wiley & Sons 2008

100%

Mirska N.

European Polygraph

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2010

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vol. 4

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issue 2(12)

89-94

2

Podatność wiktymizacyjna a sam oocena i optymizm

100%

Mirska N.

Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka

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2009

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issue 1-2

137-152

EN

This article presents the results of the researches on the relation between victimization susceptibility namely susceptibility to become a victim of a crime, and mental characteristics of individuals such as self-esteem and optimism. The researches in question aimed to arrive at answers to questions about the differences between young people and the elderly, as well as differences between women and men in the field of vulnerability to victimization, levels of self-esteem and optimism. Another question concerned interactive effects of age and gender on these variables, and the researchers decided to check whether the factor of age and gender were important modulators of optimism and self-esteem on victimization susceptibility. The variables in question (victimization susceptibility, self-esteem and optimism) were examined by means of three questionnaire methods. The analysis also covered the factor of age and gender.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań związku pomiędzy podatnością wiktymogenną, czyli podatnością na stanie się ofiarą przestępstwa, a takimi właściwościami psychicznymi jednostki, jak samoocena i optymizm. Przeprowadzone badania miały na celu uzyskanie odpowiedzi na pytania o różnice pomiędzy osobami młodymi a tymi w wieku podeszłym, a także różnice między kobietami a mężczyznami w zakresie podatności na wiktymizację, poziomu samooceny i optymizmu. Postawiono również pytanie dotyczące interakcyjnego wpływu wieku i płci na owe zmienne oraz zdecydowano się sprawdzić, czy czynnik wieku oraz płeć są istotnymi modulatorami wpływu optymizmu i samooceny na podatność wiktymogenną. Badane zmienne (podatność wiktymogenna, samoocena i optymizm) zostały zbadane za pomocą trzech metod kwestionariuszowych. Analiza objęła także czynnik wieku i płeć.

3

Verbal and Non-verbal Symptoms of Deception in the Eyes of Policemen and Psychologists

51%

Widacki J., Mirska N., Wrońska M.

European Polygraph

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2019

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vol. 13

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issue 1(47)

25-40

EN

The objective of the study was to test how selected respondents (psychologists and police officers) evaluate the diagnostic value of symptoms (cues) of deception listed in literature on the subject. To achieve that, 16 verbal and non-verbal (behavioural) symptoms listed in literature as most typical and most frequently accompanying deceit were ever located by 100 police officers and 101 psychologists (n=201). Their task was to group the symptoms according to the following categories: “oft en present”, “rarely present”, and “never present”. Both the groups of respondents claimed that in their work they have to frequently decide whether their interlocutors tell the truth or lie, and are convinced that they are capable of accurate detection of deception through their assessment of verbal and non-verbal (behavioural) symptoms accompanying lie. The latter belief is clearly refuted by the results of all known experimental studies. In fact, police officers and psychologists agreed that the most diagnostic symptom is “avoidance of eye contact” (143 respondents categorised it as often present). “High frequency of eye blinking” was considered least diagnostic of the symptoms, with only 47 respondents claiming that it is frequent, together with “head scratching” with 51 considering it as occurring “often”). Convergence of the respondents’ opinions was high. No significant differences between the occupational and age groups, and genders were discovered. The results of the study remain coherent with the results of studies by other authors maintaining that the skill of detecting deception in the interlocutor is determined neither by education, nor occupation, nor gender, nor the age of the person performing the detection.

4

Report from the 4th Interdepartmental Polygraph Seminar, Waplewo 2011

38%

Mirska N.

European Polygraph

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2011

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vol. 5

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issue 3-4(17-18)

157-160

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Podatność wiktymizacyjna a sam oocena i optymizm

Verbal and Non-verbal Symptoms of Deception in the Eyes of Policemen and Psychologists

Report from the 4th Interdepartmental Polygraph Seminar, Waplewo 2011