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Kraj Basków – sytuacja gospodarcza i polityka rozwoju

100%
Łonyszyn P.
Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna
|
2012
|
issue 20
21-36
EN
Spain is not quite a federal state but each of its autonomous communities has different history, language, cultural heritage, natural resources and different level of autonomy. Thanks to that the Spanish Kingdom is a very interesting testing ground for scientists analyzing an influence of the global tendencies on development of regions and trying to describe its determinants. Autonomous Community of the Basque Country is well known mostly due to separatist movements of Basques but very little due to its economy. Meanwhile thanks to its autonomy the local government use very well their local strengths to resist global crisis that has affected so strongly on Spanish economy. The methods they use confirm that the influence of globalization on local development can be different and depend on people and their territory. Basques are open for new technologies but still very faithful to their own traditions and mix it in their own peculiar fashion. As in Poland solutions from the Basque Country are shown as examples to follow this paper aims to describe them and show how globalization takes a toll on a region, and how this region creates the level of acceptance of this toll. The paper also shows what are those Basques solutions and tries to explain its uniqueness.
PL
Gdy w Polsce lansuje się obraz gospodarki Kraju Basków jako modelowej, okazuje się, że niewiele o niej wiadomo. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu prezentację i analizę fenomenu baskijskiej ekonomii, która łącząc tradycję i nowoczesność, potrafiła poradzić sobie ze światowym kryzysem, stając się prawdziwą „zieloną wyspą” na terenie Królestwa Hiszpanii z bezrobociem najniższym w kraju. Przedstawiono podstawowe filary (spółdzielczość, parki technologiczne, klastry), na których Baskowie oparli swój rozwój gospodarczy, a także plany międzysektorowego rozwoju.
2
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Ochrona dziedzictwa kulturowego i przyrodniczego podstawą zrównoważonego rozwoju nadmorskich gmin w Polsce na przykładzie gminy Rewal

63%
Terefenko, O., Łonyszyn P.
Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna
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2012
|
issue 20
123-136
EN
Baltic coast in Poland is the most attractive tourist region. A third of a Polish accommodation potential is concentrated in the coastal zone which doesn’t cover even half percent of the country. Community living in this area obtains its income mainly from tourism business. Rewal Commune is one of the most popular tourism destinations at the Polish coast. Sandy beaches, picturesque cliff seasides and well-known monuments like the ruins of a church from Middle Ages at the edge of theseaside cliff, are the main attractions of the commune. Their expenses on protection of the natural environment you can count in millions of Euros. It’s all because of tourists. Tourism is by far the main source of income and the most important condition of the sustainable development in Rewal Commune. From the beginning of the self-government in Poland at the 1990s this commune is one of the country leaders in the field of investment expenditures. They’ve spent the money on a sewage treatment plant, water supply and gas networks and actions aimed to improve the image of the commune. Almost whole area of the Rewal Commune is within protected territories. There are Natura 2000 network areas, a waterfowl reserve on Liwia Łuża lake, and coastal protected space controlled by the Maritime Office. All together they strongly stipulate conditions and possibilities of makingany investments in the commune. This paper aims to show how much those restrictions seemingly threatening possibilities of development of the commune fated to live on tourism could be its chance to protect herself against negative impact of expansive mass tourism.
PL
Bałtyckie wybrzeże jest w Polsce jednym z najbardziej atrakcyjnych regionów turystycznych. Jedna trzecia zasobów polskiej bazy noclegowej znajduje się w strefie wybrzeża nie obejmującej nawet połowy procenta kraju. Społeczności żyjące na tym obszarze uzyskują przychody głównie z turystyki. Jednym z najpopularniejszych miejsc wypoczynku na polskim wybrzeżu jest gmina Rewal. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie na jej przykładzie, jak uwarunkowania związane ze zrównoważonym rozwojem mogą stać się szansą zachowania dotychczasowego bogactwa przed skutkami ekspansywnej turystyki masowej.
3
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Cross-border issues in Polish supraregional strategies on example of strategies of Western and Eastern Poland

63%
Smutek J. M., Łonyszyn P.
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
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2016
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vol. 6
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issue 2
32-44
EN
The main purpose of this paper is to present areas and directions of integration and disintegration in East-Central Europe. It is based on the comparison of the two development strategies for the two supraregional areas in Poland namely: Western Poland and Eastern Poland. Supraregions are groups of highest administrative units in Poland – voivodeships. It is not any kind of administrative unit, and neither statistical. The reason for supraregional strategies are common challenges of development of groups of voivodeships. In our analysis we present differences between those strategies in scope of cross-border cooperation. We concentrate on four thematic issues: transport connections, economy, academia and a role of foreign institutions in a preparation and a modification of documents. In this way, we confirm that in the East-Central Europe are existing areas of integration and disintegration reflecting also long lasting division of Europe into West and East. We stress that those disintegration areas, mostly the eastern frontier of the European Union, are the result of state policies.
4
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Słowo wstępne

38%
Smutek J., Łonyszyn P., Rydzewski T.
Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna
|
2012
|
issue 20
7-8
PL
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