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Vladimír Šmilauer – život onomastika

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Šmejkalová M.
Acta onomastica
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2012
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vol. 53
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issue 1
237-282
EN
This article aims to be a contribution to our understanding of history of linguistic thinking in Czechoslovakia. It explores historical and scientific framework that was influencing deve-lopment of onomastic work of Vladimír Šmilauer during the 20th century. Main attention is paid to three periods of Šmilauer’s life: (i.) period of so called First Czechoslovak Republic, (ii.) period of the Nazi Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and (iii.) 1960’s and post 1968 period. His famous monographs are analyzed from the wider point of view of cultural policy. The scientific disputations and polemics are clarified using newly discovered archi-val documents.
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Výchova k vlastenectví, nebo nacistická indoktrinace? Výuka českého jazyka na středních školách v Protektorátu Čechy a Morava

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Šmejkalová M.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2010
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issue 1-2
121-157
EN
The article is concerned with the Czech language and its instruction in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, especially at secondary schools. Using primary sources, in particular curriculum materials related to the teaching of Czech, regulations issued by the Ministry of Education, period textbooks, and also correspondence, the author seeks to explain how official education policy was projected into actual teaching practice. She examines two main currents of instruction – the official, as reflected in published materials, and the nonconformist, which even made its way into some passages of the textbooks used at the time. It is generally true, however, that textbooks and teaching practice were permeated with expressions of linguistic patriotism, which the supervisory bodies of the Protectorate or Reich tolerated. The main interference in the structural organization of teaching the subject was the dissolution of its previous unity: the bureaucrats in charge of education approached the basic constitutive components – the Czech language and Czech literature – separately and it is therefore now necessary to distinguish between them. While the content of the teaching of literature was suppressed and the existing textbooks were substituted for by individual volumes of the ideologically fraught Nová čítanka , Czech language instruction in this period drew mainly from the earlier traditions and suffered less. That was also because Czech language instruction and textbooks were not primarily meant for the task of re-educating, unlike the tasks of Czech literature, which was considered an ‘opinion-forming subject’. The exclusion of the history of literature from school instruction was in practice often circumvented by transferring its material, under the pretext of providing examples of the historical development of the language, to Czech lessons. The author pays considerable attention to the conception, content, cultural stereotypes, and values reflect in the Nová čítanka . She sums up by saying that it provided a picture of the Czechs as a nation with a splendid folk traditional and a rather rich culture, which, however, could develop thanks only to the favourable influence of the German cultural genius, and also a picture of the Czechs as a nation that was once mostly agricultural, for whom manual work is by and large the most suitable form of labour. The ideological manipulation of the Nová čítanka , according to the author, was – unlike the Communist textbooks after the takeover of late February 1948 – rather concealed and resided in combining selected national and Nazi values and providing only partly true information.
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Syntaktické dílo Vladimíra Šmilauera v kontextu vývoje české lingvistiky 20. století

100%
Šmejkalová M.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2013
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vol. 74
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issue 2
83-110
EN
The aim of the present study is to uncover one of the fundamental aspects of the synthesis of Czech linguistic history. We attempt to do so by providing a scholarly biography and analysis of the intellectual heritage of the prominent Czech linguist, Vladimír Šmilauer, whose death we commemorate this year. Methodologically, the study is based on the conceptual framework of Giddens’ structuration theory of the acting subject in history, Jan Kořenský’s notions of the individual philosophical conception of language perception, and the principle of the importance of primary source research. Moreover, the study presents views on the evolution of Šmilauer’s scientific approach to syntax in the context of the influence of ‘psychologizing syntax’ from the beginning of the 20th century, the teachings of the Prague Linguistic Circle, the rise of quantitative linguistic approaches, post-war syntactic studies, especially in relation to the dependency description of Czech syntax, and machine translation theories. Based on the aforementioned concepts and combined with considerations of Šmilauer’s understanding of language culture, we aim to define his status in the evolution of 20th-century Czech linguistics.
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