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Analiza efektywności działalności uczelni europejskich i amerykańskich – podejście nieparametryczne

100%
Wolszczak-Derlacz J.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2015
|
issue 40
109-130
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę efektywności naukowej i dydaktycznej 505 uczelni z 10 krajów europejskich oraz z USA w okresie 2000– 2012. W celu obliczenia wskaźników efektywności przyjęto metodę nieparametryczną Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Za nakłady uznano: wartość przychodów uczelni, liczbę pracowników naukowych oraz studentów, za wyniki działalności naukowej – liczbę publikacji, a działalności dydaktycznej – liczbę absolwentów. W drugim kroku analizy przetestowano model odnoszący efektywność działalności uczelni do zmiennych związanych m.in. ze źródłem pochodzenia przychodów, wielkością uczelni, lokalizacją oraz rokiem założenia uczelni. Regresja ta została oszacowana oddzielnie dla uczelni europejskich i amerykańskich. W szczególności można stwierdzić, że na efektywność naukową uczelni europejskich w sposób ujemny oddziaływał udział środków pochodzących ze źródeł publicznych, natomiast dla uczelni amerykańskich wpływ ten był dodatni. W obu omawianych grupach uczelnie większe, o dłuższej tradycji oraz położone w bogatszych regionach charakteryzowały się wyższą efektywnością.
EN
This article presents an analysis of the research and teaching efficien- cy of 505 universities from 10 European countries and the U.S. in the period 2000–2012. In order to calculate the efficiency scores a non- parametric method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been adopted. The set of inputs contains: total revenues, academic staff and total number of students, research output is measured by total number of publications, while teaching output is proxied by total number of graduates. In the second stage analysis the model is tested (separately for the European and American sample) in which efficiency scores are related to the potential determinants: source of revenues, size of the university, location and year of foundation. In particular, it was shown that research efficiency of European HEIs is negatively as- sociated with the share of public funds while in case of American public universities the effect is opposite. For the both groups, higher research and teaching efficiency was characterized for bigger units, with longer tradition and located in wealthier areas.
2
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The analysis of firms’ involvement in internationalisation and determinants of its intensity – an analysis for developing and post-transition economies

100%
Wolszczak-Derlacz J.
Economics and Business Review
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2018
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vol. 4(18)
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issue 1
44-63
EN
The study presents the empirical analysis of firms’ involvement in different forms of internationalisation: export, indirect export, import, indirect import and finally simultaneous exporting and importing. The analysis is based on firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (March 2017 release). The empirical part is divided into two stages. Firstly account is taken of firms’ heterogeneity and then a Melitz type analysis of the firms’ likeliness of being involved in international activity is performed. Secondly the sample of firms is limited to only those involved in the internationalisation process and then a regression is carried out with the export/import intensity being the dependent variable. The results indicate that determinants of the foreign markets are different from those connected with trade intensity with the exception of the foreign ownership which is the only one associated in the same way with involvement in internationalisation and with its intensity .
3

WAGE CONVERGENCE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (1995-2005) (Konwergencja plac w Unii Europejskiej (1995-2005))

63%
Parteka A., Wolszczak-Derlacz J.
Ekonomista
|
2010
|
issue 3
345-372
EN
This paper presents empirical analysis of relative wage convergence in the group of 20 countries of enlarged EU (five New Member States: Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary plus former EU15 economies) within the period 1995-2005. The study is based on recently released sector level data (12 manufacturing sectors) which allows us to analyze the convergence process concerning wages of three distinct groups of workers (high-skilled, medium-skilled and low-skilled). Sigma convergence analysis suggests that the biggest dispersion of wages is typical for salaries paid to low-skilled employees. Estimation results of dynamic panel model obtained with GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) estimator indicate that within the group of 20 EU countries taken into consideration a slow process of wage convergence takes place and its speed does not exceed 5% per year. The lowest speed of wage convergence is characteristic for earnings of workers with the lowest educational level.
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