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Prawo do korzystania z czystego środowiska a zanieczyszczenie powietrza w Polsce

100%
Sakson-Boulet A.
Przegląd Zachodni
|
2020
|
issue 4 (377)
147-166
EN
In Poland, normative levels of air pollution concentrations have not been maintained for years. Citizens who are concerned about the deteriorating quality of life and their safety have filed lawsuits against the State Treasury for damages in connection with inadequate measures taken to reduce smog. It was assumed that the achievement of the research objectives would be made possible by answering the following research questions. Firstly, does the right to use air free of pollution constitute a human right in the light of international agreements to which Poland is a party? Secondly, does Polish legislation specify a personal good consisting in the non-economic use of air that meets normative standards? A further relevant issue to be examined is whether Poles consider it important to protect a value in the form of clean air. The aim of the article is to investigate whether Polish citizens have the right to enjoy the advantages of a clean environment, particularly regarding one of its main components – the atmosphere, and to pursue this right in court. The considerations lead to the conclusion that the law stating that the use of clean air which meets normative standards is a subjective human right and a personal right protected by the provisions of the Civil Code. The method of legal analysis was primarily used to achieve the purpose of the research.
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Ambient Air Pollution as a Human Security Challenge in Poland

100%
Sakson-Boulet A.
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
|
2020
|
issue 1
95-110
EN
The aim of this paper is to identify the scale of ambient air pollution in Poland and to assess the threats it poses to human security. Answering the research questions posed: (1) the concentrations of which pollutants pose the greatest threat to the life and health of Poles, and what are the sources of their emissions?; (2) what acts of law have been introduced by the national authorities in order to ensure that air quality conforms to European standards as concerns the pollutants posing the greatest threat to the life and health of Poles?; (3) are the solutions adopted sufficient, and if not – what course of action should be taken into account to ensure human safety in terms of clean air? leads to the conclusion that low quality air is among the major environmental threats to Polish people. Admittedly, the constitutional duty of the public authorities to take adequate measures aimed at limiting the level of air pollution and its negative effect on human life has not fulfilled at a sufficient level yet.
PL
Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja skali zanieczyszczenia powietrza zewnętrznego w Polsce oraz ocena zagrożeń, jakie stwarza ono dla bezpieczeństwa jednostki ludzkiej. Odpowiedzi na postawione pytania badawcze: (1) stężenia których zanieczyszczeń stanowią największe zagrożenie dla życia i zdrowia Polaków oraz jakie są źródła ich emisji?; (2) jakie działania podejmowane są przez władze centralne w celu zagwarantowania jakości powietrza zgodnej ze standardami europejskimi w odniesieniu do zanieczyszczeń stwarzających największe zagrożenie dla życia i zdrowia Polaków?; (3) czy przyjęte rozwiązania są wystarczające, a jeśli nie – jakie kierunki działań powinny być wzięte pod uwagę, by zapewnić bezpieczeństwo jednostki ludzkiej w odniesieniu do czystości powietrza? – prowadzą do wniosku, że powietrze niskiej jakości stanowi jedno z najważniejszych zagrożeń środowiskowych dla polskich obywateli. Konstytucyjny obowiązek podjęcia przez władze publiczne działań, które ograniczą poziom zanieczyszczenia powietrza oraz jego negatywny wpływ na zdrowie ludzi, nie jest realizowany w sposób wystarczający.
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