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  1. 3 Fatalski M.

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1

Some Reflections on the Guevara Myth

100%
Fatalski M.
Ad Americam
|
2014
|
issue 15
189-196
EN
Ernesto Che Guevara’s popularity climaxed several times in the last four decades. After his death Che became a symbol of revolution and his name and legacy were evoked by revolutionaries not only in Latin America. Guevara became a myth for rebels who fought with right-wing, military regimes, but also for people who rejected capitalism and social inequality. Still, he appears to be a myth also for the Right. For right-wing politicians and the public at large Guevara symbolizes the atrocities of communism. Some of the movements which bear Guevara on their banners could not do the same with his political and social views. The Guevara myth is falsification of a real revolutionary who was devoted to ideas of social equality and a new society, based on values opposite to those which are a cornerstone of liberal democracy. Moreover, Guevara also became a very popular symbol in modern culture. His image turned out to be a product – a fact criticized by those who knew and admired Guevara and those who condemned him as a murderer. As every myth, Guevara’s myth fulfills the needs and delivers inspiration to people who require a symbolic figure.
2

The United States and the Fall of the Trujillo Regime

100%
Fatalski M.
Ad Americam
|
2013
|
issue 14
7-18
EN
Rafael Trujillo, who governed the Dominican Republic in the years 1930‑1961, was one of the most recognizable Latin American dictators. Trujillo created one of the most repressive regimes in Central America, even when compared with other dictatorships of this cruelly governed region. Till the late 1950s, his position in the eyes of U.S. policymakers was stable. He maintained order in the country and upheld an anti‑Communist policy, both an internal and foreign one. In the late 1950s, the Trujillo regime became the subject of growing criticism in the United States and other American republics. The Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations were concerned that a continuation of the Trujillo regime would provoke a Castro‑like revolution in the Dominican Republic. Kennedy also criticized Trujillo for his violation of human rights, which was contrary to the new program of U.S. policy toward Latin America. Kennedy promoted democracy and reform to avoid the threat of a Communist revolution. The U.S.A. supported the conspiracy against Trujillo in order to overthrow the dictator and establish a “moderate pro‑American government.” After the assassination of the dictator, pressure from the U.S. frustrated Trujillo’s son’s attempts to maintain the regime, and protected the transition of the Dominican Republic to a democratic system.
3

U.S. Diplomacy and the Brazilian Coup d'état of 1964

100%
Fatalski M.
Ad Americam
|
2011
|
vol. 12
53-62
EN
Brazil has always remained on the list of priorities of the United States policy towards Latin America. The size of this country, its demographic potential, natural resources and political ambitions caused Washington to observed the foreign policy and domestic affairs of Brazil with utmost concern during the Cold War period. The Cuban revolution radically bolstered anticommunist fears, which influenced the policy of the U.S. in the region. The administration of John Kennedy worked out a new policy in Latin America based on an assumption that repressions are an inefficient tool in the war against the communist danger. The U.S.A. offered its Latin American partners the Alliance for Progress, which was an unprecedented program of economic aid. The aim of the new policy was not only the economic advancement of Latin America but also its democratization. However, the political reality unveiled the weaknesses of this plan. Washington did not accept radical politicians as heads of the states if their programs and policies did not guarantee maintenance of ties with the United States and anticommunist foreign policy. Thus, the presidencies of Janio Quadros and Joao Goulart (1961-1964) became intolerable for the United States. Washington supported the idea of a military coup d'état which was to protect Brazil from a communist dictatorship.
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