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Przekształcenia lokalnego środowiska przyrodniczego i użytkowanie roślin w późnośredniowiecznym Pucku

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Maciejewska K., Miśkowicz I., Święta-Musznicka J., Badura M., Pińska K.
Pomorania Antiqua
|
2020
|
vol. Tom XXIX
s. 127-154
EN
The article presents current results of the archaeobotanical investigation of materials from the cultural layers that represent the late medieval Puck. Based on them, an interesting picture of a small town emerges, which intensively developed after achieving its municipal status. This is evidenced not only by historical data and archaeological finds, but also by a significant proportion of synanthropic plants, including those typical of ruderal habitats. It can be assumed that the degree of transformation of separate parts of the town was not identical, and the local authorities tried to keep the most representative part of Puck, which was the market square, tidy. The presence of segetal weeds can be explained by importing agricultural products to Puck, which indirectly indicates the use of cereals as an article of trade and/or diet. The swamps in the surrounding of the town were transformed over time into various types of meadows and pastures, which constituted a source of fodder or other materials used within the parcels. Remains of consumption plants indicate the significant role of local products, through which the diet of Puck residents seems to have been characteristic of a moderately prosperous society. However, traces of figs, preserved in surprisingly large quantities, are proof of the import of exotic products to town. Only part of the inhabitants could have had access to them. In the case of parcels 123, 156, or 168, it can be assumed that their owners constituted a richer group having contacts, e.g. with Gdańsk.
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