Assistance activities took different forms and has evolved from a long time and took different forms: fraternal assistance, philanthropy, charity, organized assistance. The first institutionalized forms of assistance to the poor and needy are associated with the Catholic Church assistance. Hospitals were the first aid institutions, which were run by religious communities. Developing ecclesial communities followed the Council of Trent. Governments began to create the structure of aid institution in the fourteenth century. The seventeenth and eighteenth century was the best time of charitable activities in Poland and after that Polish partitions then stopped the development of charity in Poland. The revival of the church and charitable activities of lay people was between nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Activities of social organizations in Poland were banned during the German occupation. The only legal organization was The Main Social Council. Many religious and secular aid organizations was reactivated after the second world war. In the Stalinist period (1948-1956) there was a total destruction of the social welfare system. In 1957-1972 was revising the approach to social problems. The period of 1990 was a crucial year, when Parliament passed the law on social assistance. Then have been set up welfare centers as the primary specialized local government. The next step was the process of creating a system-intensive institutions and non-governmental organizations.
PL
Na przestrzeni stuleci działalność pomocowa przybierała różne formy i ewoluowała od pomocy wzajemnej poprzez filantropię, dobroczynność do zorganizowanych celowych działań. Pierwsze zinstytucjonalizowane formy pomocy biednym i potrzebującym są związane z działalnością Kościoła katolickiego. Pierwszymi instytucjami pomocowymi były szpitale. Ich prowadzeniem najczęściej zajmowały się zakony. Po Soborze Trydenckim nastąpił rozwój bractw kościelnych. Od XIV w. pomocą społeczną zaczęło interesować się państwo. Okres świetności działalności charytatywnej w Polsce w XVII i XVIII w. został zahamowany rozbiorami Polski. Ożywienie działalności charytatywnej Kościoła i osób świeckich nastąpiło dopiero na przełomie XIX i XX w. Jednym z ważniejszych wydarzeń było uchwalenie w 1923 r. ustawy o opiece społecznej, która oficjalnie obowiązywała aż do 1990 r. W okresie okupacji niemieckiej działalność organizacji społecznych została zakazana. Jedyną legalną organizacją była Rada Główna Opiekuńcza. Po drugiej wojnie światowej swoją działalność reaktywowało wiele organizacji religijnych i świeckich. W okresie stalinowskim (1948-1956) nastąpiła całkowita destrukcja systemu pomocy społecznej. Zmiana podejścia do problemów pomocy społecznej nastąpiła dopiero w latach 1957-1972. Przełomowy okazał się rok 1990, w którym Sejm RP uchwalił ustawę o pomocy społecznej. Na mocy tej ustawy zostały powołane ośrodki pomocy społecznej jako podstawowe, wyspecjalizowane instytucje samorządowe. Obok nich zaczął się intensywnie tworzyć system instytucji i organizacji pozarządowych.
Social aid started being institutionalized as early as the 12th century. It was then that in Faculties of Theology of European universities the science of alms was introduced. The American Mary Ellen Richmond (1861-1928) is considered to be the initiator of education in the sphere of professional social work. The first attempts to educate social workers in Poland were made as early as the beginning of the 20th century – it was the first school of social work, the so-called Kursy Społeczne (Social Courses), whose co-organizer was Blessed Rev. Jerzy Matulewicz. In the period between the two world wars Prof. Helena Radlińska was an initiator and organizer of a system of educating social workers. The first schools educating social workers were established in 1966. A further development of educating social workers at the university level should be associated with opening Zaoczne Studium Pracowników Służb Socjalnych (Extramural Department of Social Work) at the University of Warsaw in 1977. Social work as the first degree university studies was introduced only in the 2006/2007 academic year. At the Catholic University of Lublin such a field of study has existed since the 2010/2011 academic year.
Social aid started being institutionalized as early as the 12th century. It was then that in Faculties of Theology of European universities the science of alms was introduced. The American Mary Ellen Richmond (1861-1928) is considered to be the initiator of education in the sphere of professional social work. The first attempts to educate social workers in Poland were made as early as the beginning of the 20th century – it was the first school of social work, the so-called Kursy Społeczne (Social Courses), whose co-organizer was Blessed Rev. Jerzy Matulewicz. In the period between the two world wars Prof. Helena Radlińska was an initiator and organizer of a system of educating social workers. The first schools educating social workers were established in 1966. A further development of educating social workers at the university level should be associated with opening Zaoczne Studium Pracowników Służb Socjalnych (Extramural Department of Social Work) at the University of Warsaw in 1977. Social work as the first degree university studies was introduced only in the 2006/2007 academic year. At the Catholic University of Lublin such a field of study has existed since the 2010/2011 academic year.
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