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PL
W artykule autor przedstawił wpływ redystrybucji środków unijnych na działalność banków spółdzielczych w Polsce. Z uzyskanych danych wynika, że w BS-ach występuje zjawisko wypierania kredytów rolniczych przez dopłaty bezpośrednie do użytków rolnych. Spada wartość kredytów rolniczych, natomiast wzrasta wartość depozytów od rolników, co wywołuje w BS-ach zjawisko nadpłynności finansowej i spadek efektywności ich działania.
EN
The author has presented the impacts of redistribution of the European Union funds on the activity of cooperative banks in Poland. The research results show that agricultural loans have been crowded out by direct payments. The value of agricultural loans granted by the cooperative banks has been decreasing whereas the value of farmer deposits has been increasing. As a result, both an overliquidity and a fall in the operational efficiency of the cooperative banks have occurred.
EN
The paper examines the impact of development of agricultural sector on performance of the cooperative banks in Poland in years 1997-2004. The levels of the agricultural development and the economic/financial situation of the banks were assessed by using country-level and regional-level aggregate indicators based on the factor analysis. The research results show that the type of region (i.e. voivodeship and macro-region) has a statistically significant impact both on the aggregate indicator of agricultural development and the aggregate indicator of banks’ performance. As for the relationship between the agricultural development level and the economic/financial situation of banks, statistically significant correlations were found only for four out of sixteen voivodeships.
EN
The purpose of research was to analyze ecological development in EU countries during 2000-2012. Six primary variables have been applied, namely: the share of forest area in total land area, emissions of sulphur oxides (SOx) in agriculture, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in agriculture, electric power consumption per capita, the share of alternative and nuclear energy in total energy use and the share of area under organic farming in total agricultural land area. The authors have developed a synthetic index, which enabled the statement that Latvia, Finland, Austria, Sweden and Estonia are leading EU countries in terms of ecological development; the worst situation is in France, Poland, Malta, Spain and in the United Kingdom.
PL
W pracy zbadano związek między wzrostem i rozwojem gospodarczym a efektywnością finansową ROA i ROE banków komercyjnych w krajach UE. Z uzyskanych danych wynika, że w większości krajów UE nie odnotowano przyczynowości w sensie Grangera między badanymi zmiennymi, co oznacza, że między nimi nie ma statystycznie istotnego związku. Wzrost gospodarczy miał statystycznie istotny wpływ na efektywność finansową ROA i ROE banków komercyjnych w Grecji, Irlandii, na Łotwie, w Polsce i na Węgrzech. Z kolei rozwój gospodarczy mierzony PKB per capita wpływał statystycznie istotnie na poziom efektywności finansowej ROA i ROE banków komercyjnych jedynie w Belgii. Efektywność finansowa ROA banków komercyjnych miała wpływ na wzrost gospodarczy PKB w Holandii i w Niemczech oraz na rozwój gospodarczy PKB per capita w Belgii. Efektywność finansowa ROE banków komercyjnych wpływa statystycznie istotnie na wzrost gospodarczy PKB w Holandii i w Niemczech oraz na rozwój gospodarczy PKB per capita w Luksemburgu.
EN
The paper examined the relationship between economic growth and development and ROA and ROE financial efficiency of commercial banks in EU countries. The data obtained show that in most EU countries there has not been Granger causality between the study variables, which means that between them there is not a statistically significant relationship. Economic growth had a statistically significant impact on the ROA and ROE financial efficiency of commercial banks in Greece, Ireland, Latvia, Poland and Hungary. In turn, economic development measured by GDP per capita influenced statistically significantly on the level of ROA and ROE financial efficiency of commercial banks only in Belgium. ROA financial efficiency of commercial banks had an impact on economic growth (GDP) in the Netherlands and Germany and on economic development (GDP per capita) in Belgium. ROE financial efficiency of commercial banks influenced statistically significantly on economic growth (GDP) in the Netherlands and Germany and on economic development (GDP per capita) in Luxembourg.
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