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EN
The article presents the image of the speedway rider, identified with the medieval knight and preserved in the language and works of speedway fans. The language material was excerpted from the slogans, songs etc. of the black sport fans and their statements, published in fan song books and online forums. The linguistic resource was enriched with terminology and professional vocabulary. Speedway supporters have been identifying speedway riders with medieval warriors for years, naming them the knights of the black track. The knight’s nickname refers to the speedway riders’ outfit, resembling an armour, to the speedway motorcycle, compared to a steed and other analogies, thus creating a stereotype of the knight speedway rider which functions among the black sport fans. The observations prove that such an image determines the fan environmental lexis that operates with many neosemantics, such as the rider, the Teutonic Knights, the armour etc. connoting tradition and culture of medieval knights.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wizerunek żużlowca, utożsamianego ze średniowiecznym rycerzem, utrwalony w języku oraz twórczości kibiców wyścigów na żużlu. Materiał językowy wyekscerpowano z haseł, piosenek etc. fanów czarnego sportu oraz z ich wypowiedzi, zamieszczonych w kibicowskich śpiewnikach oraz na forach internetowych. Zasób lingwistyczny wzbogacono o terminologię i słownictwo zawodowe. Miłośnicy speedwaya od lat identyfikują zawodników ze średniowiecznymi wojami, nazywając sportowców rycerzami czarnego toru. Rycerski przydomek nawiązuje między innymi do stroju żużlowców – kombinezonu, przypominającego zbroję, żużlowego motocykla, porównywanego z rumakiem oraz innych analogii, tworząc stereotyp żużlowca-rycerza, funkcjonujący wśród kibiców czarnego sportu. Jak wynika z przeprowadzonych obserwacji, wizerunek ów determinuje także kibicowską leksykę środowiskową, operującą wieloma neosemantyzmami, jak jeździec, Krzyżacy, zbroja etc., konotującymi tradycję i kulturę rycerzy średniowiecza.
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PL
The article refers to the currently popular problem of “fighting with extra weight”. The paper presents various verbal and stylistic ways of naming thick and thin people used in today’s Polish language, especially in its colloquial (informal) form. The analysis is based on a collection of about 440 different terms used for describing thick and thin people as well as common words and phrases that form the word field of thickness and thinness. In addition to the basic synonyms and idioms which name these deficiencies in the physical appearance, the article shows, among others, names that connote the level of massiveness of the human body, verbs that refer to gaining and losing weight, words describing characteristic, visible features associated with obesity or leanness. It also distinguishes four groups of metaphorical expressions of corpulent and slim people, motivated by a variety of names designating respectively round or thin and narrow shape or appearance. The author also notes significant lexical-quantitative disproportion of vocabulary concerning thickness in relation to the vocabulary of the verbal field of thinness, suggesting that there is an asymmetry that could be the verbal evidence of “fighting with obesity.”
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