The main aim of this article is to evaluate the influence of the monetary integration on economic regional disparities. One of the most important objectives of the EU is to reduce economic, social and territorial disparities within the European Union. The 27-Member-State EU still needs discussion about huge economic and social disparities among these countries and their regions. The article is divided into five major parts. The first part is about the theory of monetary integration. The second part concentrates on the Economic and Monetary Union. The third part is Opinion of the Committee of the Regions on Economic and Monetary Union. The next part is about the influence of monetary integration on economic regional disparities. The last part is about regions in Poland in the light of monetary integration.
A membership in the European Union is not only an opportunity, but also a challenge for Poland. The main aim of this article is to evaluate the draft of the Cohesion Policy 2007-2013 and to draw a conclusion about the system of the management and implementation of the National Strategic Reference Framework. NSRF constitutes a basis for programming of interventions of the European Regional Development Fund, the European Social Fund and the Cohesion Fund.
Artykuł został opracowany na podstawie wyników badania bezpośredniego. Jego celem była ocena funkcjonowania IOB i ich roli we wspieraniu przedsiębiorców w regionie łódzkim. Przedmiotem badania było przede wszystkim znaczenie IOB dla rozwoju regionów, a także aktywność instytucji otoczenia biznesu we wspieraniu przedsiębiorców oraz zakres i rodzaj świadczonych usług. Część badań poświęcono działalności IOB w zakresie przyciągania i utrzymania podmiotów BIZ w regionie łódzkim.
The European Union is one of the most prosperous economic areas in the world but disparities between member states are significant. The need to promote balanced development by reducing the gap between the different regions and helping the backward to catch up was recognised in the preamble to the Treaty of Rome. The Treaty already provided the European Social Fund and the European Investment Bank. The other instruments were introduced as the building of EU progressed and new states joined. In 1964 the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund was set up and continues to this day to support rural development. The European Regional Development Fund was created in 1975. In 1986, the Single European Act introduced for the first time a specific title to cover the notion ol economic and social cohesion and in 1992 the Treaty on European Union made cohesion one of the EU’s priority objectives. Then the Community set up the Cohesion Fund to show solidarity to the least prosperous member states. The next year, the Financial Instrument for Fisheries Guidance was created to help this sector to restructure. In March 1999 in Berlin, the European Council reached agreement on Agenda 2000, which also included the reform of the structural funds. Nowadays EU regional policy faces the main aim - enlargement. It is a common view that enlargement poses a significant challenge for EU structural and cohesion policies. The EU is opening up to new countries whose economic and social conditions are often worse than in the least developed regions of the current member states.
The EU is one of the most prosperous economic areas in the world but disparities are significant. The whole history of European integration has been marked by a strong tendency towards economic and social cohesion. The main goal of the EU cohesion policy is to reduce economic, social and territorial disparities within the European Union. Council Regulations laying down general provisions on the Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund constitute a basis for programming of the Funds including the most important rules, for example: concentration, partnership, complementarity, coordination, additionality, compatibility, programming, monitoring, financial control and evaluation. The main aim of this article is to evaluate the role of the EU cohesion policy rules in effective use of the Funds that have got the biggest influence on EU cohesion policy and establish its framework.
The aim of the article is to analyze the role of the city management and promotion and its influence on Lodz’s development. Promotion of Lodz in general and then the marketing of specific opportunities within the region is a necessary prerequisite for the achievement of progress across all economic development objectives. In recent years, the city of Lodz has undertaken initiatives to create an attractive environment for economic development. The authors point out that in order to increase the competitiveness of the city and the region it is crucial to develop an economic development strategy in which regional partnerships are built and strategic partnerships with the private sector are developed. Local government should take an active role in coordinating the activities of city departments involved in planning, building and land management and budgeting and creating active with the technical and planning links. The authors indicate how the public sector could promote its strategic development objectives through more effective local government practices, proactive urban planning and the delivery of physical infrastructure, and social services in cooperation with the private sector.
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