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Archeion
|
2018
|
vol. 119
449-455
EN
In 2017, as part of the “New Humanities” series (vol. 23), the first ever Polish translation of Jacques Derrida’s Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression was published. Jacques Derrida was one of the few contemporary philosophers interested in the concept of the archive (while to a large extent ignoring archivists themselves). For Derrida, archivisation, which grants one the power to name and grant identity to all things (and also to share their meaning) gives rise to a number of ethical, intellectual and political issues. As a result, the concept of the archive constitutes an important part of his philosophy, raising archives to a rank which they hardly ever achieve outside of the field of archival studies. Regardless of one’s opinion on deconstructivism, whether one considers it to be an “intellectual fad” or a genuine method of research, the critical power of this approach enables us to look at various archive-related issues from an unorthodox point of view. The term archive is omnipresent in Derrida’s body of work, but it is only in Archive Fever that the author explicitly targets a group of topics which limit the issue of archives to the role of writing in society. Derrida treats “archivisation” and “writing” as metaphors communicating with each other, associated with the concepts of memory and the subconscious. 
Archeion
|
2018
|
vol. 119
245-261
EN
The fonds of the Józef Piłsudski Institute (JPI) and the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America (PIASA) constitute an important part of Polish cultural legacy outside the country. Despite the different origins and focus, the two institutes collect and store documentation on the history of Poland, emigration and Polish-American relations. Both institutes contributed to the Polish struggle for freedom and independence after 1945. They also represented Polish culture, science and art in the United States. The two organisations serve as archives, libraries and museums, as well as serving as research facilities. The main problem faced by both of these institutions is the lack of funds which could be used to store and secure their fonds, as well as the lack of qualified staff necessary to analyse and share it. Using their own resources and with the help of the Ministry of Culture and National Legacy and the State Archives Directorate, they categorise, analyse, make available and digitise archival materials. The documents are available to researchers at the institutions’ headquarters and partially also online. Partnership with relevant institutions in Poland aimed at solving location-related, financial and staffing issues can protect them from being destroyed.
Archeion
|
2018
|
vol. 119
297-316
EN
The announcement by the International Council of Archives (ICA) regarding updating the four existing ICA standards was published in 2008. In 2012, the ICA appointed the Expert Group on Archival Description. Its purpose for 2012–2016 was to develop uniform and coherent archival material description standards based on practical and theoretical archival science principles - Records in Context (RIC). The conceptual model of RIC goes beyond the ICA practices collected in ISAD(G) – its purpose is to deliver a semantic and structural underpinning for description systems and software modules used to manage documentation. RIC-CM attempts to identify and encompass the full range of needs related to describing and making available archival materials, expressing them in a precise and detailed manner so that they can be utilised by semantic technologies. It is more complex than the existing ICA standards, and the transition from the hierarchical, fonds-based model to a more flexible and open network model of description will be a gradual process.
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