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PL
Założenie o racjonalności prawodawcy pełni w obszarze wykładni prawa istotną funkcję, szczególnie w dobie „inflacji przepisów” (będącej zaprzeczeniem istotnej dla obrotu gospodarczego stałości), nie najlepszej legislacji, często pozbawionej spojrzenia systemowego, i wobec złożoności elementów stosunków prawnych oraz faktycznych w obszarze spółek z jednej strony, a z drugiej strony zadań, które przynależą do regulacji prawa spółek dla bezpieczeństwa obrotu i jego uczestników oraz wspierania inwestycji. Założenie o racjonalności prawodawcy (oraz elementy treściowe na to założenie się składające) jako wytwór nauki prawa powinno dać podmiotom stosującym prawo (a zatem praktykom) narzędzie do stosowania przepisów w sposób właściwy i dostosowany do uwarunkowań danego stanu faktycznego. Na przykładach wybranych orzeczeń jest widoczne, że sądy, sięgając po to założenie, często skupiają się tylko na jakimś jednym jego aspekcie lub opierają się na samym pojęciu racjonalności. Stosowanie założenia o racjonalności prawodawcy nie powinno jednak prowadzić do sytuacji, w których podmiot stosujący prawo zamiast dostarczyć uzasadnienia przyjętej w rezultacie wykładni oceny prawnej blankietowo odwołuje się do tego założenia, nie podejmując żadnego wysiłku opisania, jak poszczególne elementy treściowe na to założenie się składające, powinny w konkretnym przypadku wpływać na rozumienie przepisów, szczególnie jeśli ma ono odbiegać od ich literalnego brzmienia.
EN
The notion of law-maker’s rationality has to play a paramount fulfilling role in the area of law’s interpretation, concerning commercial law in Poland, especially facing a contemporary epoch of ‘overdone legal provisions‘. The notion of law-maker’s rationality (including the textual contents underpinning such a notion) would rather provide the actors who use to apply the law (so: mostly the actors with practical approach) with an ‘appliance’ for their realization of legal provisions in a proper and most fact-conform way considering any sets of factual circumstances in concrete cases. Choosing of court rulings as parade examples makes us perceive that the courts — during their reference to such a notion — focus on the only one aspect of that notion or they just rely generally on the notion of rationality (as a whole). The model application of the notion of law-maker’s rationality would rather not lead to any situation where the actor who uses to apply the law could make reference to such a notion in a blank way instead of providing the justification speaking for their legal opinion (interpretative output). The actor (-s) is (are) not open to resign from any effort to might be in a position to describe on how the particular elements (constituting such a notion in textual aspect) do influence the applicable understanding of said legal provisions in their concrete case.
EN
The analysis of the provisions regarding personal liability of a limited partner for the obligations of the limited partnership leads to the conclusion that very often the creditor should not expect to exercise this liability. In reality, it is hard to find an example of the execution of a guarantee function of a limited partner contribution since there are no regulations regarding its minimal amount. The situation of a creditor regarding the return of a contribution to a limited partner is non-transparent. This state of affairs exists despite the fact that volumious application forms are used for the purposes of commercial register regarding the return of a contribution and the overestimation of its value.
EN
According to Polish law (paragraph 211 and 380 Commercial Companies Code) management board members are among others under a ban to deal with competitive affairs. This ban comprises either acting on his/her own account or within relationships which have been entered into between any member of management board and counter-parties running competitive commercial activity or within his/her own association in partnerships being competitors. Furthermore, a management board member cannot participate in any other business entity as a member of its corporate bodies i.e. hold a post in management board or supervisory board of any competitive market player. Considering the ban on competitive activity function it is proper to speak for a wider character of this ban — i.e. that should extend over each company a said person (under ban) has held a management board post in. To compensate a rigidity inherent in this ban on competitive activity one has to accept concrete concessions hereof which have been corporately made in an implicit way. It is the management board member himself/herself who has to prove the fact he had been released from this ban and also a scope of concession from it. Additionally, one has to speak against an interpretation of paragraphs 211 and 380 Polish Companies Code in wider (extensive) sense. One is however to opt for the intact companies’ right to regulate this issue on their own — by virtue of their internal agreements with their management board members.
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