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Zarządzanie i Finanse
|
2013
|
vol. 1
|
issue 1
359-370
PL
Coraz bardziej dynamiczne otoczenie zmusza organizacje do coraz szybszego reagowania na pojawiające się w nim szanse i zagrożenia. Odpowiednio szybka reakcja jest możliwa jedynie w przypadku posiadania elastycznego zarządzania organizacją, a także odpowiednio wykwalifikowanego personelu pracowniczego, który takie sytuacje dostrzeże i w porę na nie zareaguje. Posiadanie odpowiedniej kadry pracowniczej jest w dzisiejszych czasach kluczem do odniesienia sukcesu. Jednak samo posiadanie wykwalifikowanej kadry to nie wszystko, ponieważ organizacja musi jeszcze w pełni korzystać z jego potencjału, a także odpowiednio zmotywować do pracy. Część osób uważa, że te kwestie można rozwiązać poprzez partycypację pracowniczą. Jednak sama partycypacja odnosi się w wielu przypadkach jedynie do wysłuchania głosu załogi bez realnego wpływu pracowników na funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorstwa. Partycypacja jest także procesem powolnym i trwa zbyt długo. Należy zatem szukać szybkiej i elastycznej formy organizacji pracy, w której pracownicy będą mieli realny wpływ na funkcjonowanie organizacji a jednocześnie zostanie zachowane zwierzchnictwo kierownictwa. Taką formą zarządzania organizacją pracy mogą być autonomiczne zespoły pracownicze. Dzięki ich specyfice można z a chować realizację celów przedsiębiorstwa oraz zapewnić komfortowe i atrakcyjne warunki pracy dla pracownik ó w. Badania przeprowadzone na skandynawskich przedsiębiorstwach pokazały, że autonomiczne grupy pracownicze przekładają się na wzrost wydajności pracy, poprawę bezpieczeństwa stanowisk robotniczych, zmniejszają absencję i fluktuację pracowników, natomiast sami pracownicy odczuwają wyraźną poprawę warunków pracy, wzrost poczucia komfortu i bezpieczeństwa, a także wzrost płac. Jak zatem widać, a utonomiczne grupy pracownicze są formą pracy, która przynosi wymierne korzyści każdej ze stron.
EN
The study area was a small lowland river valley (the Łęg river) located in the south-east of Poland. The object of investigation was the macrophytes of 10 river lakes with corresponding active river channel stretches of the same length as the cut-offs. The aim was to check the difference in species diversity between cut-off and active river channels. The second aim was to test the following hypothesis: vegetation of river lake has been shaped under the influence of contiguous river stretch which has left a measurable mark in species abundance and composition. To test this, we checked whether a cut-off channel’s flora is more similar to flora of the contiguous river stretch, than to flora of a farther river stretch. During the course of the study it was found that the average species richness was approximately two times higher in the cut-off channels than in the river stretches. The number of the species exclusive for the river lakes was nine times higher in comparison with the river’s exclusives (not found in the cut-offs). The Shannon diversity index definitely spoke in favor of the river lakes. These results clearly show the significance of river lakes in maintaining biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems in a small river valley. We did not confirm our hypothesis concerning floristic relation between an active channel and its cut-offs. The floristic similarity between a given cut-off channel and the contiguous active river channel stretch is not stronger than the similarity between this lake and more distant river stretches. The cause of such a state of affairs may be high natural dynamics of investigated habitats and anthropogenic transformation of the river valley.
EN
The aim of this study is to present the updated list of rare and threatened vascular plant species in the Lublin province. The threatened species categories are presented according to the IUCN criteria. The regional list contains 408 species (that makes up 25% of the Lublin Region flora); 56 of which are considered critically endangered, 81 represent endangered species, 51 belong to the category of vulnerable species, and 49 are near threatened species, respectively. The presence of 37 species has not been confirmed and therefore they are listed as regionally extinct (RE). Of the total number of species, 134 are rare, but because the data about those species is insufficient, they have been classified as DD category (data deficient). The species of the genera: Alchemilla, Callitriche, Hieracium, Oenothera, Rosa, Rubus and Taraxacum have not been evaluated (NE category). Other species – those whose occurrence is doubtful and all neophytes were defined as not applicable (NA). The endangered taxa occur mostly in dry grasslands, deciduous forests, wetlands, and calcareous weed communities of cereal crops.
EN
Macrophytes and selected physical-chemical water properties were studied in 17 post-mining lakes of Jeziórko Sulphur Mine – one of the largest borehole sulphur mines in the world. Artificial lakes were constructed in subsidence depressions during the reclamation process of mining fields. They were characterized by high mineralization – conductivity ranged from 723 to 2295 μS/cm. The reaction was near neutral, or more frequently, slightly alkaline. Concentrations of phosphorus and organic matter were low. In the group of hydrophytes, Ceratophyllum demersum, Myriophyllum spicatum, Najas marina, Utricularia vulgaris, Eleocharis acicularis, Potamogeton pectinatus, Potamogeton natans and Potamogeton pusillus were frequently dominant. In several lakes, large macroscopic algae dominated – charophytes forming large, dense Chara meadows. In marsh communities, Phragmites australis was the most expansive. Reclamation process had a positive effect on diversity, some of the species found in the study area are regionally rare, including one species which is threatened in Poland (Najas minor). No alien species were recorded.
EN
The purpose of the article is to define the main factors determining the development of the video games industry in the world and Poland as well. We focus on sales results of main products and the clusters practices in case of Poland. The results of our analysis allow us to draw a conclusion that the games industry is a highly competitive business environment where people’s creativity and broad knowledge are of great importance for the success.
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