The opposition that unfolded in Hungarian literature between the two world wars among therepresentatives of liberalism and the folk-country idea, is still sensible until now. One of themajor contrast was the „Jewish” issue. The historical environment, the Hungarian territory loss,unsolved social matters and especially the farm granting issue, the liberal economic policiesrepresented by Jewish capitalists, who played signifi cant role in the boom period in the 19thcentury history of Hungary, are the reason behind social tensions in the eyes of the left wing andwriters with folk-roots. The representatives of folk literature expected the modernization fromthe rise of folk classes and considered the old Hungarian literacy and the archaic folk cultureas basis for the modernization. The folk-urban opposition is remarkable in current Hungarianpolitics and culture.
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