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PL
It is difficult to form a coherent conception of Marina Tsvetaeva’s considerations about the body, as sometimes they contradict each other and sometimes they complement each other. However, they were changing as new experiences were accumulated. From the idea that the body is like a wall or an obstacle in the way, Tsvetaeva moves to the idea of the body as a separate zone of her personality, where freedom and democracy go along with subjection, and where the rigorous part of the personality – soul is to be subdued. When the poet starts to lose contact with the body, when she becomes convinced that she no longer can identify with it, she experiences a stormy passion in which she hopes to complete her own incarnation. However, she comes to the conclusion that the nature of her body is flawed and the signs of gender are not proper. She consciously resigns from love, claiming that love and creativity cannot be reconciled. Her body bothers her, it seems to cast a veil on the true reality, which is invisible and “by which one thinks”. After another period of her soul and body disassociation, she comes to the conclusion that she did not know her body at all.
PL
Humanitarian science many times had to admit that the Past would prove a treacherous ground indeed to be taken for granted. It can easily slide either under the pressure of new facts or reshuffle of known facts or due to a political regime change. The first-person documentary literature plays an important role in revising the Past. Until recently it was considered to be outside the mainstream study, but nowadays it gets more and more attention. In the absence of unified concept as to what the first-person documentary literature is and if it actually can be considered as literature at all, many local theories burst out. The first-person documentary literature offers various points of view on the course of historical events. In the same time it can be used to verify them since there is an ethical or metaphysical reflection to it.
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PL
Feature of oeuvre of Marina Tsvetaeva – the predominance of the motive of death. Henry Gorchakov discovers this topic in sixty percent of the poet’s works of M.Tsvetaeva. Naturally, reflections on death are accompanied by reflections on life. The article analyzes the peculiarities of development of Tsvetaeva’s work of another constant motive – the motive of life, the concept of which is found out in a complex metaphysical context of thinking. Particular attention is paid to the diversity of approaches to understanding life and their changes. At the same time, the poet does not develop his own philosophy of life, focusing on the world of experiences, on the one hand, or on a holistic and volatile reality, on the other.
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