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EN
The focus of the article is the theme of “A Social Europe”, which arrived into the vocabulary of contemporary politics almost half of a century ago. “A Social Europe” describes what Europe of the future is, or should be, about – it has in mind a Europe after the phase of national empires and states, which has evolved into a community known as the European Union and is an alliance of sovereign states, which is developing itself towards a higher form of unity. The article also presents different visions of a “A Social Europe” which ap- peared during the process of developing the European Union.
EN
„People first – analyses of creating the PES Manifesto for the electoral year 2009” is an article contributing to the studies on the field of the pan-European political parties. It focuses on the act of creation of the framework document, which elaborated every five years is the most crucial set of ideological guidelines for the European political family. None the less it is an entry offer, while entering the European Parliament and setting up the 5 years work plan in cooperation with its counter partners. The specificity of the described process is that it took place in the era most widely known as “the deepest democratic crisis in the EU” and was an attempt to involve and empower party activists, while using most modern communication tools such as internet.
EN
„European elections 2009 – rise or twilight of the european democracy” is a study, which aims at assesing the state of democracy in the European Union, using the example of the recent european elections. The first part of the article outlines the theoretical conditions that need to be fulfilled by the elections in order to name them as „democratic ones”. The author examines the legal obligations and the political consequences of setting in which citizens of the EU vote on different days and accordingly to generally different electoral rule, without a true influence on subsequent fraction and coalition building in a newly elected European Parliament. The second part elaborates on the political impact of the elections (including the meaning of the declining voters’ turnout), on the character of organizational arrangements (such as traditional grand coalition in the EP), as also on the dychotomy in compositions of the different European institutions and its influence on the decission making process. What makes this study particularly interesting is surely innovative approach to the lessons drawn from the democratic crisis of the EU and the consequences of the process of putting in place a new institutional order starting from the Constitutional fiasko and finishing with the provisions introducing the new Lisbon Treaty.
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