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CHARAKTER UCZESTNICTWA BÓSTW W MILITARNYCH PRZEDSIĘWZIĘCIACH EGIPCJAN ZA PANOWANIA RAMESSYDÓW

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Katarzyna Wirpszo K.

Studia Religiologica

2003

vol. 36

THE CHARACTER OF PARTICIPATION OF THE GODS IN THE EGYPTIAN MILITARY CAMPAIGNS DURING THE REIGN OF THE RAMESSIDE KINGThe article presents the problem of the participation of gods in the Egyptian military campaigns, on the basis of selected source materials, referring chiefly to the war campaigns of three Pharaohs belonging to the Ramses dynasty: Ramses II, Merenptaha and Ramses III. The above materials highlight the interdependence between the gods and the emperor, and the clear-cut tendency to depend on the will and orders of the gods. By acquitting himself of his obligations resulting from the divine order (maat), the earthly ruler takes over the functions, attributes and characteristics of war-gods such as, Montu, Seth, Baal or Sakhmet. At the same time, he remains under special care of his divine father, Amon-Re who supports his earthly son in a direct way, that is through his physical presence and activity which triggers off courage and extraordinary valor in the king’s heart. Through the person of the ruler, the gods also exert a special influence on the soldiers who accompany him, in spite of the fact that according to the source materials, they do not play any significant role in the battle, as it is Amon-Re who is the main author of victory; it is him who grants it as kind of grace to his earthly son.

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1 Studia Religiologica

1 Katarzyna Wirpszo K.

1 2003

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CHARAKTER UCZESTNICTWA BÓSTW W MILITARNYCH PRZEDSIĘWZIĘCIACH EGIPCJAN ZA PANOWANIA RAMESSYDÓW