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Impact of the intra-party democracy on political parties' reactions to the electoral defeats - a case study of the selected political groupings in Poland

100%
Kaczorowska M.
Przegląd Europejski
|
2021
|
vol. 4
191-207
EN
An electoral defeat usually marks a significant turning point in the life of political parties. It is often the beginning of the changes taking place within them (Harmel, Janda 1994; Gauja 2016: p. 50–51). Existing research suggest that the desire to improve the electoral outcome is the main argument for reform within political parties (Janda 1990; Harmel et al. 1995). This article looks at a relationship between the reactions of political parties to electoral defeat and one factor found to be important in this respect – i.e. the level of intra-party democracy (IPD) analysed at the organisational level. The study uses the IPD measurement model developed by Benjamin von dem Berge and his team (see: von dem Berge et al. 2013). The article provides the analysis of the level of intra-party democracy of the selected four Polish political parties (on the basis of their statutes) continuously present on the Polish political scene after 2001 and its impact on changes within political groupings after electoral defeats. The author examined the statutes of the Law and Justice (PiS), the Civic Platform (PO), the Polish People’s Party (PSL) and the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD). These parties suffered defeats either in the 2011 or 2015 elections. The main research problem is to determine how the level of IPD of the examined parties influences their reactions after electoral defeats. The research hypothesis is: political parties with a higher level of IPD should change under the influence of electoral defeats more than parties with a lower level of this indicator. The study used also the methodology of data analysis (party’s statutes and other documents) and 21 structured in-depth interviews with representatives of party elites. Based on the results, the index of change after defeat in political parties is created.
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Szkocka Partia Narodowa – studium partii regionalnej

100%
Kaczorowska M.
Studia Politologiczne
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2009
|
vol. 14
202-247
EN
The subject article is a case of the Scottish National Party. This is one of a number of regional party in Europe, which aims at the independence of the central authorities. The author analyze the origin and the nature and specificity of the political grouping, the role played in the process of devolution and the evolution of the political party. The year 1999 was a breakthrough for the United Kingdom, and for Scotland. But until the year 2007 brought SNP victory. For the first time the group won elections to the Scottish Parliament and took over power in Scotland, forming the first minority government of the history of the Scottish National Party. This article analyzes what affected the change of Scots and the SNP to increase the popularity of a political party in 2007, and before the year 1974? How has the SNP changed over the years? What is its organizational structure? What is the function of the full party leader? Finally, may the SNP lead to the independence of Scotland from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland?
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BARTŁOMIEJ H. TOSZEK, Reforma dewolucyjna w programach głównych partii politycznych w Walii w latach 1997–2011

100%
Kaczorowska M.
Studia Politologiczne
|
2019
|
vol. 53
236-245
EN
The book of Bartłomiej H. Toszek titled: The devolution reform in the programs of the main political parties in Wales 1997–2011 is the result of the author’s long-term research of the Welsh devolution and it The book of Bartłomiej H. Toszek titled: The devolution reform in the programs of the main political parties in Wales 1997–2011 is the result of the author’s long-term research of the Welsh devolution and it The book of Bartłomiej H. Toszek titled: The devolution reform in the programs of the main political parties in Wales 1997–2011 is the result of the author’s long-term research of the Welsh devolution and itconstitutes a contribution to a number of publications analyzing the devolutionary changes taking place in Great Britain since mid 1990’s. In the first part of the work, the author defines and characterizes what devolution is, what was its genesis, its nature and evolution in Wales. Usually politicians and political parties are behind the introduced constitutional changes. In the second chapter of the publication we find a thorough analysis of the specificity of the Welsh party system. The third part, it presents the foundations of the devolution reforms in the programs of the Welsh political parties during the period 1997–2011. B. H. Toszek does not avoid showing the political and historical background of the decision making process. He presents in a very interesting manner, the attitude and proposals for the devolution reform of the main political groups in Wales over the space of nearly 15 years. The work is based, among others, on the analysis of the program documents, electoral manifestos of the four, most important political groups, having the largest impact on political and political decisions taken in Wales: the Welsh Labor Party, the Welsh Conservative and Unionist Party, Plaid Cymru and the Welsh Liberal Democrats. This is valuable and very interesting work, and the reader will certainly not be disappointed with this publication.
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