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RU
Данная статья описывает современное стремление закавказского Азербайджана принадлежать к европейской культуре. Базовыми материалами для исследования послужили статьи в прессе и на официальных сайтах средств массовой информации, изданные на азербайджанском языке, международных политических и экономических организаций, а также печатные ресурсы, касающиеся азербайджанской политики и культуры. Культурные, исторические и политические связи упрощают азербайджанским властям налаживание партнерских связей как с европейскими, так и с азиатскими структурами. Участие и принадлежность к культурным и спортивным организациям позволяют причислять Азербайджан скорее к Европе, чем к Азии. Однако, мусульманская религия, несмотря на то, что она присутствует в Европе в течение нескольких сотен лет, как основная религия ряда европейских стран, возможно, является важным фактором, определяющим место Азербайджана, как страны традиционно связанной с шиитской ветвью ислама, в Азии, отождествляемой с исламом.
EN
The aim of the paper is to present today aspirations of Azerbaijan, a state situated in the South Caucasus, to be the part of European culture. The basic materials taken under analysis are current press texts, sites of the official political and economical institutions published in Azerbaijani language and also paper-printed sources related to the politics and culture of Azerbaijan. The cultural, historical and political bounds allow to Azerbaijani government to establish relationships both with European and Asian partners. The membership of cultural and sport organisations entitles to locate Azerbaijan between European states. But the Islam religion – a part of Azerbaijani culture, in spite of presence of many centuries in Europe, is traditionally associated with Asia.
PL
The paper presents a selected lexical material concerning urbonyms of the city of Eskişehir in Turkey. Examples of names of all the districts (77), selected communication highways (941) as well as commercial and service centres (775) are analysed. The work uses the material collected in the course of the author's fieldwork and from cartographic sources. In each of the three groups of urbonyms a division into types of the name structures as well as the semantic and grammatical distinction of components of those names were made. For each urbonym a translation into Spanish was suggested. Within each of the groups a classification into names stemming from proper names and from common names was introduced. The concluding remarks contain the interpretation of the data as well as an outline of the naming tendencies within the Turkish urban toponymy.
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EN
This article presents an outline of the history, the structure and the functioning of the Ruhr-Universität in Bochum (RUB) in Germany with a special focus on the library complex. The division of the university libraries, the organisation of their work, the criteria of availability of various types of documents and the standards of cataloguing, particularly those concerning subject processing, have also been described in this article. The author visited the libraries of the Ruhr-Universität in Bochum in May 2011 as part of a direct staff exchange organised by the Jagiellonian Library for several years. She graduated in Turkish language and literature and since January 2008 has worked in the Subject Processing Department of the Jagiellonian Library.
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EN
The paper presents the history of the Beyazıt State Library in Istanbul, the oldest library in Turkey, created on the initiative of the Turkish state in 1884. This is a research library, visited by both Turkish and foreign patrons, whose number has now exceeded 100,000. The institution has preserved and provided access to a number of valuable collections of press, manuscripts, as well as copies of every Turkish publication that has been printed in Turkey from 1934. Over 1 million items have been made available to patrons, of which over 800,000 are printed books. The collections of the library are one of the most treasured in Turkey and of particular importance for historical research. It is located in the centre of Istanbul, near Beyazıt Mosque, the Istanbul University, the Süleymaniye Mosque, the Grand Bazaar, the Antiquarian Market, and the Museum of Calligraphic Art.
PL
Tekst prezentuje historię Państwowej Biblioteki Bejazyda w Stambule, najstarszej książnicy w Turcji, utworzonej z inicjatywy państwa w 1884 roku. Biblioteka ma charakter naukowy, jest otwarta zarówno dla czytelników tureckich, jak i zagranicznych, których liczba obecnie wynosi ponad 100 tysięcy. Instytucja ta przechowuje i udostępnia cenne i liczne zbiory prasy, rękopisów, a także egzemplarze każdego tureckiego druku, który ukazał się w Turcji od 1934 roku. Dla czytelników udostępniono dotychczas ponad milion obiektów, z czego ponad 800 tysięcy to drukowane książki. Zbiór biblioteki należy do najcenniejszych w Turcji i ma szczególne znaczenie przede wszystkim dla badań historycznych. Mieści się w centralnym miejscu Stambułu, w sąsiedztwie meczetu Bejazyda, Uniwersytetu Stambulskiego, meczetu Sulejmana, Krytego Bazaru, Targu Antykwariuszy i Muzeum Sztuki Kaligraficznej.
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