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EN
Much like Western societies with developed economies, Polish society has become increasingly consumer-oriented, as is manifested by Poles’ desire for instant pleasure and the search for the meaning and sense of life through the purchase and consumption of goods and services available on the market. Such an approach could be positively or negatively connected with a healthy lifestyle. The aim of our study was to explore the relationship between a healthy lifestyle and the pro-consumer orientation in Poland. The study involved a survey conducted in 2016 on a nationwide sample of 1,000 people. The findings suggest that a pro-consumer orientation is positively correlated with those elements of a healthy lifestyle that are trendy and symbolize membership in certain social groups. On the other hand, this orientation is inversely correlated with behaviors that require constant self-control and do not bring immediate benefits.
EN
Healthism is an ideology ascribed to the middle class in Western societies. It is defined as a preoccupation with health, which the individual can attain through lifestyle modifications. The aim of the study is an attempt to answer the question of whether healthism can be considered a distinctive attribute of those social categories claiming to be the Polish middle class: that is, salaried, highly qualified, white-collar workers with high positions in the occupational hierarchy, and entrepreneurs with small and medium-size businesses. If it can, this would be another proof of the emergence of a middle class in Poland. Analysis of a survey conducted on a nationwide sample in 2008 suggests that healthism is most common among the former category of persons. One is therefore inclined to consider those concepts according to which the emerging Polish middle class is the segment of the social structure composed of salaried, white- -collar employees with high qualifications and high occupational positions.
EN
In this article, the social representation of health shared by Poles is presented in the context of its function in society. The theory of social representations and its use in health research is introduced. The results of research are used to consider how perceptions of health shape a social order in which medicine is still a large institution of social control. The above-mentioned research included 30 in-depth interviews and a nationwide survey of a representative sample. As a result, three dimensions of the social representation of health were identified: the ‘ability to function independently’, which involves mental well-being and the ability to fill social roles; ‘absence of disease’-lack of ailments, a feeling of zest and a lack of diagnosed illness; and the ‘biological reserves of the organism’-the resources for resisting disease. Analysis of the data has led to the conclusion that the first dimension serves to preserve identity and integration of the social group, the second contributes to maintaining medical social control, while the third motivates individuals to take steps to protect or improve their health. In addition, the last two dimensions serve the interests of groups profiting from medicalization.
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